| Since the 20th century, with the scientific and technical progress and swift and violent economical development,the human race has gained an unprecedented ability and scale in intervention with the Nature, and the conventional pattern of industrial development has brought by a severe scarcity of resource and environmental pollution. Against the background of deep crises and contradiction between the human activity and environment, the theory of sustainable development emerges. The industrial reform in favor of ecology is the new pattern of industrial development with the target of sustainable development of industry. Since the 1990s, the ecological development of industries has gradually become the mainstream in developed countries of the world. From the national selection of industry development strategy and lawmaking about management on the macro economy level, to the regional industrial park construction and layout on the medium scale of economy, to the enterprise productive technology innovation and implementation of clean production practices on the micro economy level, the reform towards ecology is the clue linked up everything. The ecological reform of industries has become the major trend of world industrial development.This paper studies the object of China's approach of ecological reform of industries, and starts from the basic concept and theoretic foundation of ecological industries, and builds a rather complete, systematical theoretical framework of ecological industries, and probes into the relation between ecological industries and critical links in industrial development , and research and explore China's approach and specific thinking clue on ecological reform of industries from both theoretical and practical dimensions.This paper consists of seven chapters. Apart from Chapters 1 and 7, the Chapters 2, 3, and 4 are the theory part of the paper and the Chapters 5 and 6 are the reality part of the paper. The specific contents of the chapters are as follows:Chapter 1:Introduction. Chiefly expounds the research background and significance of the paper, and reviews and evaluates the papers from China and abroad that studies on ecological reform of industries, and at the same time lists the analytical framework and states the research method and the innovative point in this paper.Chapter 2: Theory about industrial ecology. That is the theoretic basis of this paper. First of all I discuss my understanding of the word " industrial ecology ", and analyze the relation between industry and environment, so as to expound the origin of the theory of industrial ecology and further to explain that the industrial ecology is the theory about sustainable development of industry. Next,I explore the origin of the industrial ecology theory, and carry out a review and discussion of the formation of the sustainable economic development theory. Next, I put forward the framework of industrial ecology theory, and point out that the starting point of industrial ecology theory is the vision of ecological economy, and its theoretical basis is the theory of natural capital, and I construct the economics model of industrial ecology theory by introducing natural capital to production function, and in the end I put forward the criteria for evaluation of industrial ecology which is based on ecological efficiency.Chapter 3:Industrial ecology and industrial development. Chiefly by analyzing and probing into the relation between industrial ecology and some critical links of industrial development, I state the directing function of industrial ecology theory on practices of industrial development. By analyzing, one by one, the relation between industrial ecology and industrial structure optimization and industrial aggregation and industrial deepening, I point out that the existing many significant links and important aspects in current practices of industrial development are closely related to the fundamental principle of industrial ecology, and they all comply with the industrial ecology standard that increasing ecological efficiency can promote sustainable industrial development. In other words, we can use industrial ecology principle to direct the practices of industrial development, and ecological reform of industries is an important approach to promote industrial development.Chapter 4: Ecological reform of industries and the approach. I start chiefly from analyzing the ecological reform of industries and industrial ecological system, and probe into the approach to realizing ecological reform of industries from the theory aspect. First of all I expound the concept and the characteristics of ecological reform of industries, and its relation with cycling economy and sustainable development, and I point out the kernel of ecological reform of industries is to model on the natural ecosystem to construct a reasonable industrial ecological system, which is the so-called ecological reform of industrial system. Then I start from the three-tier evolution theory of industrial ecological system, and indicate the types of modern industrial system. In the end I put forward the approach to ecological reform of industries, which is development of ecological industries, and design of systems that include the environmental cost, and environmental oriented technical innovation.Chapter 5: The challenge faced by the development of ecological reform of industries in China. I switch from theory over to analysis of practical problems, chiefly surrounding the challenges faced by the development of ecological reform of industries in our country. Firstly I outline the problems of resources and environment in the industrial development process of China, and point out the resource problem of China appears as both shortage and squander, and the environmental problem appears as severe environmental pollution and degeneration of ecology function. Next,I analyze the feature of industrial development in our country at the present stage ,and the existing problems. I point out that the new feature of industrial development of our country is: (1) the mission of industrial development shifts from emphasizing expansion in quantity over to emphasizing increase of quality; (2) the focus of industrial development and structural adjustment shifts from solving disproportion over to promoting industrial structure upgrade; (3) The subject and means of industrial development and structural adjustment shifts from relying on administration and plan to relying on enterprises and market; (4) industrial development and reorganization of an industry takes on more and more of complexity, hardness, necessity and urgency. Other problems also exist such as low level of industrial development, unreasonable industrial structure, weak international competition capability of our industry. In the end,I discuss the importance of and hindering factor to the ecological development of China industries. I point out the hindering factors to the ecological development of China industries include recognition obstacle, cost obstacle, system obstacle and technology obstacle.Chapter 6:The approach of ecological development of China's industries. This chapter is the key point and stepping-stone of the whole essay, and it is chiefly based on the discussion in previous chapters about industrial ecology theory and China national situation, and it expounds and analyzes how to further promote the ecological development of China industries and the specific clues, from three aspects: ecological industry development such as ecological agriculture, ecological industry, environmental industry, the system guarantee aspect, and technical support aspect. I point out, the agricultural development by ecological reform in China should strengthen the sustainable ability construction and take the path of modern intensive type ecological agriculture development, and promote industrialization of ecological agriculture; the development path of ecological industry in China includes ecological reform of manufactured products, promotion of clean production in enterprise, design and construction of ecological industrial park on different kinds of levels; the particular clue for promoting environmental industry development in China is to quicken the internationalization of our environmental law and carry out price reform in favor of environment, and carry out emission right transaction, and establish environmental industry development planning, and dredge the channels for environmental investment and financing, and strongly promote technological progress in environmental industry, and incubate environmental protection enterprise groups, etc.; the system guarantee of ecological reform of industries in China includes legal support and policy system construction, and at the same time we must strengthen the guidance and integrity of our system and policy; the technology bearer of ecological reform of industries in China is the environmental no-harm treatment technology, including the kernel of clean production technology.Chapter 7:Conclusion. The summarization and summing up of the viewpoints of the all paper.The innovative point in this paper is: (1) it establishes the theory framework of industrial ecology. For the moment, the present researches at home and abroad mostly place emphasis on practical application approaches and methods of industrial ecology, and the research on economic theoretic foundation and theoretic system of industrial ecology is rather weak, and many basic concepts have not obtained recognized definition, and in practical situations the concepts are often confused. This research starts from basic concept and theoretical basis of industrial ecology, and clarifies and defines some basic concepts, and constructs a rather integrated and systematical theoretic framework for industrial ecology, and fills up the insufficiency in present industrial ecology theoretical research. (2) It links up industrial ecology with practices of industrial development. This paper analyzes and probes into the relation between industrial ecology and some significant links of industrial development (including industrial structure optimization, industrial aggregation ,and industrial deepening) and points out that the existing many significant links and important aspects in current practices of industrial development are closely related to the fundamental principle of industrial ecology, and expounds the directing function of the industrial ecology theory on practices of industrial development, and explains that the ecological reform of industries is a very important approach to promotion of industrial development. (3) I points out the relation among ecological reform of industries, cycling economy, and sustainable development. In real life, the three concepts are often confused in usage. This paper thinks that the three aspects have close relations among them, and also points out that ecological reform of industries is the cycling economy at the industry level, and the denotation of ecological reform of industries is smaller than cycling economy, and the cycling economy and sustainable development have somewhat different targeting, and the denotation of cycling economy is smaller than sustainable development, however sustainable development is the target of ecological reform of industries and cycling economy. (4) I give a comprehensive consideration and systematic study of the approach of ecological reform of industries. Ecological reform of industries is a new concept of industrial development under theoretic guidance of industrial ecology, and it is the manifestation of sustainable development vision and cycling economy on the industry level. The existing researches on ecological reform of industries often only pay attention to the construction of ecological industrial parks, and lack in systematic study of the approaches to ecological reform of industries. This research starts from the practical situation of China, and make an all-round and systematic study of the approach of ecological reform of industries in China from 3 levels: ecological industry level, systems construction level, and technology level, and analyzes the related typical cases, and it forms a necessary supplementation and perfection to the existing researches.
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