Study On The Construction Of State Grain Reserve Security System

Food security is always the focus of governments, academic circles and commom people. As the seeding areas of grain in China have decreased year by year, and in addition, the prices of grain had increased sharply from October, 2003 to April. 2004. food security has drawn much more concern than ever before. It was indicated in related researches that China's seeding areas of grain had been reduced to 9.896 million hectares from 1998 to 2002, decreased by 8.7 percent. The tendency would continue for periods that the seeding areas were lessened. This would affect the stability of production and supply of grain directly. If China's grain outputs were kept about 0.455 billion tons in the future several years and the imports and exports of grain were maintained the basic balance, it was predicted that the gap between yield and demand of grain would be 115-125 million tons from 2003 to 2005. It means that grain reserves would declined to the lower level at the end of 2005. If taking some other factors into account, such as the unavailability of aged grain which accounts for a certain proportion in grain reserves, the quality and structure of reserve grain which can not meet the demand of market, the actual reserves would be lower, which would bring a negative impact on China's future food security.Grain reserve plays an important role in grain macrocosmic mediation, such as the regulation of grain supply fluctuation, the restraint of grain prices and the stabilization of grain production, so it is regarded by many states as an ideal measure that regulates grain market. However, many drawbacks still exist in China's grain reserve system at present, which are mainly the ambiguity of the function of state grain reserve, the higher capacity and cost of grain reserve. The state grain reserve system can not achieve the anticipatory purpose because of its lower efficiency, effectiveness and transparency. Especially, though the capacity of state grain reserve is rising year by year, the supply of grain once was tight with the prices of grain jumping sharply. It is necessary that the state will burden huger finance expenditure for higher reserves. Meanwhile, the storage cost of enterprises who store grain will be ascended. How to...