Study On Reformation Of China Rural Land System

This paper makes a study on the reformation of China rural land system based on Marxism, property ownership theory, and institutional transformation theory with the research Methods such as qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, comparative studies and systems analysis etc. And firstly, this paper concludes some historical experiences through comparative analysis on the rural land system of China and the foreign, then makes some evaluation on the current reformation (and processes of the reformation) of China rural land system, then analyses some probable problems (and causes of the problems), then builds some rules and strategies on the reformation, and then proposes some schemes to the reformation. The mainly logic frame as following: firstly discussing general theory of land system and its transformation to establish some theoretical basis for this paper; secondly reviewing historical evolvement of Chinese land system and concluding experiences on oversea rural land system; thirdly deeply analyzing currently reformational processes of China's rural land system, including reformational reasons, advantages and disadvantages of land system, to get some reference to current reformation; fourthly researching some potential problems to present China's rural land system and the causes in the systematic view, and then talking about the relationship of rural land ownership attribution the rural collective economic organizations (the villagers) positioning, and rural household registration linked to the land " share alike land" with the fair, free use of rural land and increase the income of farmers,; next putting forward the basis that establishment of the rural land system reform strategy and principles, reform of the rural land system and taking out some reformational schemes; finally, Analysis of the merits of the reform program and the implementation of a reform program may face difficulties and solutions to give explicit answers. So, this paper consists of 8 chapters.Chapter I, introduction. This chapter mainly discusses the background of this paper, such as purposes, trends, object, method, and etc.Chapter II, general theory on the land system and the transformation of land system.Chapter III, history of China's rural land system. It mainly including the evolvement of land system during feudal time, especially about the game of state-landlord-peasant, and some historical land management system in China. Chapter IV, international experiences on rural land system. After comparing the continental and common law of the land system, it finding: Land rights in the former structure, the ownership of land as the foundation, ensured that the other various land-use right in the accessorial position, but the principles are limited. The latter abstract property rights as the basis for the same land in the form of various parallel land property rights, and the establishment of property owners and occupiers of property of equal rights and equal protection of the property rights system, rights to land transactions and actions, with a strong vitality in market economy, promoted the trade of land. This chapter study abroad rural land use and management: land use more family-based business; reforming land relationship based on the law, and the creation of special land management agencies, comprehensive utilization of legal, administrative and economic means of agricultural land to be managed. Family-based business is common use style of land, and the developed countries often stress the legal norms to adjust its land. And then, it gets some suggestion:clarifying the ownership of rural land, defining clearly the border of use-right of land, and protecting equally the land-property;persevering in the family-based business of the rural land;strengthening on the state's rural land management system.Chapter V, evaluation on reform process and system of the rural land in modern China. It aiming to study the relationship between the reformation of rural land and the development of agriculture, and focusing on the reasons of reform, the advantages and disadvantages of the system, and some experience and lessons.Chapter VI, problems of China's rural land system. It discusses laws and regulations and rural land ownership, use and management system of the China's rural land system, mainly including: firstly, minor operation of agricultural land; secondly, confusion in the allocation of land ownership;thirdly,unscientific management system (eg. the style of land-use is block);fouthly,bad rural land requisition system, which is harmful to protect peasants'interest.Chapter VII, self-meditating problems of China's current rural land system. There are many reasons to the problems, such as:firstly,the arrangement of land ownership is unscientific under the existing rural land system,ownership rights and obligations are not clear, which is the crucial reason for the rural land system's conflicts;secondly,and linked to the household registration of land use rights and the distribution of adjustment;thirdly, free use of the rural land.This chapter also discusses some problems in association with reformation,such as the ownership of rural land,the role of rural collective economy orgnization(the committee of villager) ,rural land distribution linked to the household registration.Research is:(1)the rural land right possessed by the nation in fact leads to the ownership of rural land belong to the nation;(2)dual role and multi-task of the rural social and economic organization (the committee of villager) in modern China make its development subjected to a limit, should remove the working talent that it sends report a land, reform it for provide the public product and the village community organization of the service toward the large farmer;(3)The land rights assigns to can make to the point of departure"fair" forever, don't need factitiousness to pursue and also impossibly carry out the absolute average allotment in the land usage every moment.Chapter VIII, reforming and innovating China's rural land system. This chapter points out there needs make a comprehensive reformation to China's rural land system. And carrying-out the comprehensive reformation, there also are some principles: paying more attention to the path-on effect in the transformation of rural land system, pool using the induced and the mandatory institutional change, and integrating the stability and development and the equality and efficiency. Based on the aforementioned principles, this chapter studies some schemes on the reformation of China's rural land mainly from six sections. (1)Declare the rural land owned by the nationtate,but give the permanence usage power of the rural land to the peasant;(2)Abolish"the order that the average land used by the contractor"after divide equally right use rural land to famer according to the person;(3)Establish a complete state of the rural land management system, practice the vertical management of state-owned land;(4)Levy the rural state-owned land usage tax in good time;(5)Rebuild rural peasant community organizations;(6)Establish a Landless peasants social security system. Another point of this research is to analyse advantages based on schemes on the reformation of rural land system,including correct adjustment interests of state, collective and peasant,the scientific efficient use of rural land resource,and easy to implement in technical operations level etc.to analyse difficulties faced with carry on reformation schemes and solutions.