Transnational Corporations' R&D Resource Transfer And Chinese Jointing Study

Since 1990s', the accelerating Economy & Technology Globalization has promoted the TNCs to set off a wave of R&D Resources Transfer & Relocation for maintaining and magnifying their competitive advantages. Entering 21st Century, the tidal wave of global R&D Resources affected China violently and brings this nation challenge as well as opportunity in its coming economy opening. Meanwhile, Theory Circle encountered two pressing real proposition. First, how to evaluate and make use of the TNCs' R&D investment that jammed into Eastern Coast Region of China; how to enlarge the absorption of R&D Spillover with reducing the extrusion effect. Second, whether the Chinese enterprises who "go abroad" have the ability to capture and assimilate overseas abundant R&D resources released by TNCs during their process of Optimizing R&D resource collocation? Based on that Chinese enterprises can enhance their R&D competence with a global angle.This dissertation makes study of jointing TNC R&D resources transfer with China. Based on analyzing the International R&D Specialization System and TNC R&D Transfer rules, the dissertation builds up the N-C-P model as a unified theoretic framework to analyze both former questions with the viewpoint of "Resources". It also puts forward both getting spillover through five level inward jointing mechanisms and getting reverse spillover by technology sourcing FDI.Besides theoretical analysis, combining application of abundant economy data, normative test methods and hardy statistical analysis with case analysis, this dissertation makes comprehensive empirical study.The dissertation consists of five parts. The first part (Chapter 1 and Chapter 2) introduces the core concepts, summarizes the methodologies and basic views in different theories and disciplines. This part prepares for the following theoretical work and empirical analysis.The second part (Chapter 3) summarizes characteristics and trends in development of TNCs' global R&D resources recombination, analyzes the course of TNC R&D resource transfers to China, the distribution of location and its reason. Then depicts a distinct reality background of the following study.The Third part (Chapter 4,5) outlines the theoretical framework of this dissertation. Chapter 4 brings forward one theory, that is the four levels (inter-industry, inter-differentiated products, inter-taches, inter-modules) R&D international specialization. And probe into the general rules of TNC R&D Resources Transfer. Chapter 5 builds a N-C-P model for analyzing jointing with TNC R&D resources. This part also puts forward the theory of an inward five layers jointing system based on NIS and an outward jointing way by Technology Sourcing FDI. The fourth part (chapter 6,7 and 8) demonstrates Chinese jointing with TNCs' R&D resources. Chapter 6 is parallel with Chapter 4. By Statistical Analyzing the date of 47 TNCs' R&D centers in Yangtze River Delta, validate the general rule, such as its motive, function and spillover channel. Chapter 7is parallel with Chapter 5. Chapter 7 analyzes the statues and problems of Chinese inner jointing with Foreign R&D Recourses. By regressing the data of 28 Chinese industries, validate the factor that foreign R&D resources is the main channel of FDI technology spillovers. Meanwhile, by regressing the panel data of 13 high-tech industries, find foreign R&D resources do impulse domestic innovation ability. Chapter 8 concludes the status and obstacles of Chinese technology Sourcing FDI through conducting empirical research on outward jointing with TNC R&D resources. At the same time, case studies are also provided.The fifth part (chapter 9) brings forward some concrete countermeasure suggestion on inward and outward jointing with TNC R&D resources, based on the theoretical and empirical analysis above. And then prospect for future research.Based on International R&D Specialization, this dissertation brings forward the rule of TNC R&D Resources Transfer in theoretical innovation. Develop "N-R" theory and put forward "N-C-P" theory. With the view of "resource", this dissertation unifies two main problems, namely "absorption of TNC R&D spillover effect" and "China Sourcing overseas TNC R&D resources", into an analysis framework that aims at obtaining "spillovers,reverse spillovers". And propose a theoretical presumption that get spillover through five level inward jointing mechanisms on basis of NIS and get reverse spillover by technology sourcing FDI on basis of MAL Advantage.This dissertation also advance technical details of test, bring forward a beneficial research direction for future study on TNC R&D and analysis of R&D spillover. First, this dissertation breaks the limitation of domestic simple statistics methods that used by TNC R&D organs in china to investigation and analysis. Applying Likert 7 level questionnaire to make factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis and ANOVA on the inner links among TNCs' R&D motives, function and spillover channel. Second, it reforms the empirical analysis methods on R&D spillover. Employing foreign R&D index, it validates that foreign R&D activity is the main channel of FDI spillover. Moreover, employing foreign R&D resources index as explanatory variables, it draws the conclusion that foreign R&D resources do boost Chinese innovation output.