| The modern logistics industry is the combination of a traditional vocation with a newly arisen one, and is the result of deep society labor division. The logistics industry has a close connection with the other ones in national economy, it's also the important foundation of carrying out social reproduction effectively, elevating the quality and efficiency of national economy development, and advancing all-around national economy strength as well as competition ability.Since the People's Republic of China was founded, China's logistics industry developed from traditional goods transportation, experienced buddy, incipient, and developmental periods. Especially since 80's, because of the market economy system has deepened day after another, the logistics infrastructure has perfected continuously and modern information technology has developed fiercely. At the same time, the quantity of goods conveyance demand grows quickly, customer service and cost reduction consciousness enhances gradually, China's logistics industry has developed immediately, such as the industry scale extends quickly, the logistics technique are getting more and more advancing. But what shouldn't be neglected is that compared with developed countries, China's logistics industry still exists in that concentration degree too low, competition system confusing, professional standard disunity, the market performance not right and some other defects. Because the logistics industry has multi-professional multi-section and multi-region characteristics, it's not enough to obtain the target of the further development only depends on the effort of itself.Seeing from the circumstance of development nations such as the United States and Japan, because their logistics industries are restricted and leaded by the modern logistics theories, they are pushed toward technology modernization function integration, service series, work norm, target rationalization and the management coordination etc. It's no doubt that the successful experience in the developed countries can direct China's logistics industry for further development. It is in such a background, this article carries on analysis and policy research from the perspective of industry economics and using modern logistics theories. The whole thesis can be divided into five chapters, the main contents and view points are as follows:(1) The formation and development of logistics industry theories in the worldIn 1901, John F. Growell wrote a report, The Industry Committee's Report Concerning Sending Agricultural Products, to American government. In the report, he firstly stated the major factors which influence the cost when transport agricultural products, and from then on, logistics was stated to be realized. After 1960's in the 20th century, the progress of science and technology and management science promoted the logistics and marketing principle to combine together, extending service scope of logistics industry extend to the need estimation, sale intelligence report, inventory control, supplies purchase, goods sending back and waste recycling, etc. In this period, logistics vocation got fast development. During 1970-80's, the contents of the enterprises logistics extended from the inner part to exterior, the point of the logistics management transferred to strategic research. The enterprises started surmount the existing organization boundary and paid more attention to the exterior relation, the suppliers and retailers were brought into the scope of logistics management, the third part logistics started to rise. Since 1990's, the progress of information makes people know more about the importance of the logistics system, this urges logistics develop to information, network and intelligence direction. This not only makes the logistics enterprises and business enterprise relate more closely, but helps them provide higher quality service to the customers.The beginning of our country to research about logistics theories was later than the developed countries, but has got some accomplishment in the cooperation contracts of assurance in many inventory system and the information incentives in logistics chain cooperation etc.But the research result above still exists some shortage in the aspect of logistics chain theories, for example, they are lack of consideration about to the market need, have no full consideration about dissymmetry circumstance in the supply chain cooperation contract and lacks to consider the product ability stipulation etc.(2) The development trend of logistics industry in developed countriesAmerican began to study modern logistics after World War II. In 1970's, the enterprises of the United States moved factories from domestic to material habitat abroad in succession for the sake of economy, or carried the spare parts to consumption place to carry on a construction. This promoted the expansion of logistics regional scope and the formation of the thought of quick goods retail. In the early 1980's, the American government relaxed to the control of the transportation industry, the operation environment of transportation loosened more, and it provided a condition for the further development of the modern logistics industry.In the late 1980's, the emergence and development of Internet in the United States extended people's visual field, it urged logistics industry to progress quickly. In the meantime, the logistics was no longer the simple moving activity of goods, but matched with the merchandise and information flow. The object of the logistics was developed from raw material, semi-processed goods, and products to merchandise, service and information, it fully incarnated the thought that the social service is the import constitutes, and made the connotation of the logistics to expand widely. Since 1990's, American modern logistics industry has entered into a vigorous development period, the enterprises set up efficient supply chain in succession for not losing each sale opportunity.Japan started to develop modern logistics in 1955.At that time, the scope of the logistics management still limited inside the enterprises, the point was to decline cost and increase performance. During 1965 and 1992, Japan's logistics began to permeate into produce, sale and service, so prominent result was produced. After 1992, the Japan's logistics industry has developed toward network, automatization information and green direction.During that period, along with the progress of science and technology, the logistics theories developed quickly in the depth and width degree, the main representative theories are: Macroscopic logistics theory, Microscopic logistics theory, whole aspect logistics theory, Just in Time theory, Supply Chain Management theory, City logistics theory, Quick Responce theory, Efficient Consumer Response etc. Under the instruction of above theories, the developed countries began to form modern logistics characteristics gradually, and it reflects the development trend of logistics industry, such as: rationalize extension, integration, socialiazation systemizing, modernization etc.(3) The importing of the logistics concept and the developing of logistics industry in China in recent yearsChina has started practicing the open policy since 1979, and imported the logistics concept from Japan for the first time. But at that time, the economy of China was very backward, the government and enterprises didn't give enough attention and support to it, so the logistics industry in China developed very slowly. After that time, logistics attracted more attention by the government and enterprises, it entered a fast growing period immediately. On the bases of traditional warehouse, conveyance, along with the development of market economy system construction, modern science and technology revolution, information popularization, buyer market established and the emergence of the electronic commerce, logistics heat appears China.Currently, China's logistics industry frame structure is constituted by five aspects, they are logistics infrastructure, service business, owner of goods logistics, the logistics machinary manufacturing, information technology and the logistics system. At the same time, the professional third part logistics industry has become stronger and one of the most energetic industry.(4) The instance analysisThe construction circumstance of comprehensive logistics zone is an important symbol of a country's modern logistics industry development degree, and modern logistics enterprise which has perfect function, well-found network, norm with the service of the high quality can concretely reflect development level of the country's modern logistics industry.The construction mode of Dalian comprehensive logistics zone and Zhongji Group's scientific, systematic, high efficient characteristics can well represent the current condition and trend of the China's logistics industry, so the article takes them as examples.(5) Policy study and suggestionsThough the Chinese logistics industry has developed quickly in recent years, but it still exists in some defects, such as the logistics cost is too high, the market structure is not reasonable, the scale of third part logistics is extremely small, the logistics service function scope is quite narrow, etc.As a fast developing emerging industry, the favorably and successfully growing of modern logistics industry can not get away from the proper regulation of government. Therefore, according to the correct understanding of the current condition of China's logistics industry, drawing lessons from the developed countries this article proposes some suggestions about what the government should do to promote the logistics industry develop speedily.In the aspect of constituting and ascertaining nationwide logistics industry policy, firstly, the government should make the strategic position of logistics industry clear, then work out corresponding industry supporting policy. Secondly, the government should give full scope to headquarter-joint-meeting sufficiently, in order to boost logistics industry grow coordinately. Thirdly, standard environmental logistics sign system should be made up of to promote development of circulation logistics industry.To drive China's modern logistics industry be more reasonable, the government should increase logistics infrastructure facilities investment, and provide The Third Party logistics with appropriate allowance. According to the defects that China's modern logistics industry organization still exists nowadays, the thesis has suggested that the government should reinforce logistics enterprise market access measure, perfect enterprise market exit mechanism, and merger the enterprise policy uniting managing measures.As an emerging and rapidly developing industry, modern logistics depends largely on a regular and appropriate regulation to ensure the healthy growth of the industry. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the current status of modern logistics in China and further puts forward some suggestions and policies that the government should give general adjustment and control over the industry with a view to promote the smooth operation of the industry, on the basis of learning the experience from logistics industry management in developed countries. The thesis suggests that in terms of promulgating national policies and measures of logistics development, the government should, in the first place, have a specific orientation about the strategies of logistics industry and establish supportive policies; and secondly, bring into play the function of the joint association to promote healthy development of the industry; thirdly, set up regular green logistics indication system and promote the development of circulating logistics. The paper further argues that government should increase investment into the infra structure of logistics and provide subsidiaries to third party logistics in order to propel the rationalization of industry structure of China's modern logistics. Aiming at the many existing disadvantages in China's modern logistics industrial organization, the paper puts forward some measures including strengthening the regulation of entry into the industry, rationalizing exit mechanism and perfecting the policy system regarding acquisition and merge.In addition, the thesis suggests that government should speed up the pace in establishing and executing related policies of promoting logistics development and therefore providing a favorable environment for the operation of logistics industry association and for the full exertion of their functions. As for the measures in promoting the development of logistics association, the paper puts forward some measures in expending the industry, strengthening team construction of logistics association and cultivating and developing the supervision function of industry and marketplace.
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