Study, Based On The Ecological Concept Of The Evolution Of Industrial Clusters

For the reason of successful influence, cluster is becoming tactic tools of economic policy in many areas and thought of great importance in economic development, so many developing and underdeveloped areas imports and cultivates local industrial cluster. But in reality such industrial cluster fails. For example, hi-tech areas in our country overflow and decline. Further more some under-developed cluster has totally failed before mature. Such as Yongkang Cup, Ruian knitted sweater. It is evidenced that the form and evolution of industrial cluster has its own law of development. So there are practical significance for the study in clusters' evolution, which can provide theoretical and strategic support in its practice.Industrial cluster is composed of several same or similar enterprises in a certain field during its evolution and accompanied with concerned institution and organization, which have social ecological system by their interaction as some kind of ecological cluster characteristics exist between them. So we import the theory of ecology and analyze the innermechanismofindustrialcluster'sevolution bythemodeof individual---population--community. Also combined wit concerned economic analysis method, we build a whole and systamatical analysis mode about cluster's form and evolution and an analysis frame about cluster's path-dynamic-effect. The evolution of industrial cluster experiences period of individual, industrial population, industrial forming, growing and mature in severy processes. The first one is positive replace, that is to say cluster develops consistently and upgrades finally. The second one is negative replace. That is to say cluster collapse and failed. The third one is expansion and move, that is to say the cluster shifts to other areas. As high conformation of local ecology, the cluster development is controled by ecological equilibrium mechanism. The essence among enterprises in a cluster is symbiotic and mutual evolution. Evolution dynamic of industrial cluster lies in forming enterprises benefit community with common benefit and goal through instructional changes of environment. In the end, Shengzhou tie industrial cluster evolution have been taken for example,Though research of industrial cluster evolution in view of ecological, we can draw conclusion as follows: (1) The ecological equilibrium mechanism is one kind of self-maintenance mechanism of the industrial cluster, and it enables enterprises in cluster to obtain ego-protect and steady evolution. The ecological equilibrium mechanism is essentially one kind of the self-organization strength or the self- adjustment ability, under the ecological equilibrium mechanism, as a result of resources and environment restraint, The industrial cluster causes it to display in the evolution process for non-linear, negative feedback steady characteristic.(2) Cluster resulted from competence, cooperation and diverse of enterprises in a cluster, while symbiotic and independence are internal requirement and market rules. Besides strong support of hard environment to develop cluster, more attention should be paid on such soft environment as developing and strengthening mutual mechanism among enterprises, increasing connection between enterprises, making better cluster development and so on. (3) Cluster evolution is influenced by enterprises symbiotic and cooperation stability. But during evolution the initial values varies during evolution. So symbiotic and cooperation stability have decisive influence on clusters' development, while outside environment and interaction among enterprises also have part influence.Under such analysis frame as industrial clusters' revolution path-dynamic-effect trial theoretical innovation are made in the following three aspects: 1) by importing ecology method, it is studied in clusters' evolution, critical scope, extension, pervasion, bulwark and diversion in view of ecology cluster and economics. Also several important factors, which influenced cluster, are analyzed. (2) it is intended to build analysis method of clusters' form and evolution, and have a conclusion of its general law.Clusters' form and evolution are studied from qualitative analysis to both qualitative and quantitative analysis by importing populagion growing theory mode and combining economic analysis. (3) Dynamic relation among enterprises in cluster and between cluster and environment arestudied in macroscopically and dynamic view; The whole process of industrial cluster's evolution are systematically studied; Fragmentary and unsystematical studies are reorganized, which make up the deficiency of former microcosmic and static study.