Chengdu Eco-evironment Tourism Attractions Developing And Protecting Analysis

"Ecotourism"comes from H·Ceballos·Lascurain, who is a special consultant of IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) and use this term in the literature firstly. Ecotourism's meaning includes not only nature-based tourism but also emphasising on landscape's not being damaged. Since ecotourism becomes a new tourism behavior and way, tourists like it very much and ecotourism industry develops rapidly. Many internal and external scholars studied ecotoursim and gained many research achievements. There are many kinds of the definitions of ecotourism,such as protect-center theory, resident's benefit center theory, go back to nature theory, responsible tourism and wilderness tourism. Among these definitions, the World Tourism organization's definition being defined in The Quebec Declaration on_Ecotourism has the largest authority. It defines that ecotoursim is (1) Contributes actively to the conservation of natural and cultural heritage, (2) Includes local and indigenous communities in its planning, development and operation, and contributing to their well-being, (3) Interprets the natural and cultural heritage of the destination to visitors, and (4) Lends itself better to independent travellers, as well as to organized tours for small size groups.On the basis of analysing internal and external scholars' theories, the article thinks that ecotourism is (1) tourism bevavior set up the attractions of nature and (/ or) culture environment, (2) can satisfy tourists' demands and decrease minimally natural and (/ or) cultural environment's damage, (3) contributes to original eco-environment protection and recovering , and (4) resposible and sustainable tourism style. Ecotourism is deferent from general tourism on idea, capacity, project, market's attraction, tourist's feelings, facilities and equipments, run frequency, run and manage guidly. Totally, ecotourism has these characteristics: from the view of object, ecotourism relies on original resources and its objects is original and harmonious econology system or natural and cutural econology which is not been damaged. From the view of subjective, tourists, original residents and tourism operators must have eco-ethics and be responsible to eco-environment. From the view of society, ecotorusim can promote original nature, economic, and society's developing sustainably. On the basis of using ecotourism resources perfectly and sustainably, ecotourism can bring benefits to tourists , original residents and operators. Thingking of tourists' contributing , useness, and damage of resources, we can divide integrated tourists into nine types as environmentist pattern, resources protection pattern, environment kindly pattern, resources based pattern, resources using pattern, resources enjoying patttern,resources consuption pattern, resources damage pattern and resources robbing pattern. Four pattern abead are ectourists and five patterns behind are general tourists.After having analysed internal and external scholars' theories on ecotourism classifaction, this article classifies ecotourism resources into three categories as environment resources, organisms resources, and cultual eco-resources. According to its characteristics and the cause of formation, we classify the ecotourism resources again. At last, we classify ecotourism resources into three types, seven inferior types, twenty-three basic categories and two hundred kinds of landscapes. According to resources' protecting completely and the influence of human behaviors, this article classfies ecotousim resources into nine categories such as nature landscape, half-nature landscape, micro-econolgy landscape, half-agriculture landscape, rural landscape, agriculture landscape, town culture eco-landscape, suburb culture eco-landscape and city culture eco-landscape.Eco-enviornment tourism attractions' classifying establish the basic of resources analysising and tourists' classifying establish the theory basis of tourists' behavior characteristic analysising. In the ecotourism developing, markets' demands are dynamic force, resources is substance basis, and tourism products are the bridge of connecting markets and destination. While making policy of ecotoursim developing, excepts thinking of these internal factors, we must think of its external environment. We can analyse ecotourism's external environment from four side such as politics, economics, society and technology. So we can find its strengths, weaknesses, oportunities, and threats in the running environment. This is the shortened form as RMP-SWOT analysing method, which can be used to analyse ecotoursim's developing conditions.After having researched eco-environment tourism attractions' developing conditions, we can design ecotourism products assortment. Defferent from general tourism, as a kind of new product and tour model, ecotoursim developing must adopt new ideas and principles to reflect its resources based and responsibility on environment protection. These ideas include non-urbanize, resources low consumption, original ecotourism protection, humanities care, harmoniousness of human and environment, brand developing, green marekting and spread civilization. These new principles are protect firstly, market guiding, region characteristics, different from distinct region, sustainable developing and eco-teaching. We must also distinguish suburb eco-leisure products and contryside ecotourism products too. In different area, we must develop different product mix, so that they can satisfy different target consummers.In the eco-environment tourism attractions'developing process, eco-toursits, management personnel, governments or social organizations, and original inhabitants do different actions. Through their actions, the destination will exchange economies, information, technology, persons, culture, institutions, policies, standard, ethics, and belives with their surroundings. So eco-environment tourism attractions'developing can change the community'economic structure, society form, culture form, and eco-environment condiction. According the original inhabitants'attitudes to the eco-environment tourism attractions'developing, this changing process includes four stages as supporting stage, resisting stage, repairing stage, and mixing together stage. In order to decreasing the influencing on the original inhabitant and promoting its sustainable development, we must adopt the following steps: the first, we must set up the right aim of eco-environment toursim attractions' developing and protecting. And we integrate eco-benefit, society benefit, environment benefit, and tourism benefit to gether and promote them developing harmonnically. The decond, we must design a good mechanism, in which, all parters can achieve their benefits and take part in the actions of protecting the community's resourses and environment. The third, we can select special segements of ecotourism, advocate green consumption and management, mark out and operate scientificly, and implement Ectoursim License System, so that we can set up a set of scientific management system in ecotourism district. The fourth, we must implement ecotourism Accreditation System. After having adopted these priciples, the eco—environment tourism attractions will be protected and the ecotourism will be developed sustainably.There are rich and varied eco-enviornment tourism attractions in Chengdu. There have varied high mountain, half-mountain, hills and plain ecotourism attractions in Chengdu. They distribute in Mt. Longmen, Mt. Qionglai, Mt. Longquan and Chengdu Plain in Chengdu. There are many kings of geology and physioggnomy resources, different kinds of zoo or plants resources and plentiful substance or nonsubstance culture resources. These resources distribute in vast area and have a good mix form. There are many good quality eco-environment tourism attractions such as panda, china pigeon flower, Du Jiangyan & Mt. Qingcheng World Cultural Heritage, and so on, which can attract tourists from all over the world. But Chengdu's ecotourism product assortments are too single and its brand products are no outstanding. Many eco-environment torusim attractions are not be used yet. So Chengdu has great potentiality on ecotourism developing.In eco-environment tourism attractions' developing, we can suburb form distant area in Chengdu city. In the suburb, there have three circles as city culture ecology toursim circle, suburb eco-leisure tourism circle, and countryside signtseeing circle. Different circles should have different tourism products and different developing ways. But all the three circles must develop movement and exercise tourism products, spend holidays and recuperation tourism products, culture ecperience tourism products in Chengdu. In Longxi-Hongkou Protecton Zone, Baishui River Protecton Zone, Anzi River Protecton Zone, Heishui River Protecton Zone, Mt. Longmen National Geology Park and Mt. Qionglai in Cheng, there can develop plentiful ecotourism products such as geology and physiognomy scientific research and study, general eco-sightseeing, hiker, mountain-climbing, exploration, rock-climbing, looking for wild zooes' footmark, spend holiday in eco-area, spend a holiday at a summer resort, rest and recuperation, looking waterfall, swinging boat, make fun of fish, fishing, hill bike, crafty grass, camping, living in field, jumping, expand exercise outdoor, looking sunrise and cloud sea and Buddhist light. There can develop other ecotorusim products such as drift, looking glacier, looking ice-lake, spend holiday in hot spring, looking azalea, red-leaf, and birds on the mountain.To protect eco-environment tourism attractions and promote ecotoursim developing sustainably, Chengdu' developing its ecotousim must abide by the eight new ideas and the six basic principles advanced in the forth context. And it should investigate its eco-environment toursim attractions, make plan of its ecotourism development, enhance the management of ecotourism attractions' developing and controlling, and cultivate and grow good ecotourism brands and launch brand marketing in wolrd ecotourism markets.