A Study For The Value Of Confucian Concept Of Adult And Its Modern Humanism-Based Management

Confucian thought plays a key role in the oriental civilization. The topic of this paper is based on the Confucian concept of adult, but its cultural background and thinking connotation are still the Confucian thought. Moreover, the Confucian concept of adult embodies all personality ideals from"lower ideal"(person's concept) to"upper ideal"(person's perfection), and compared to the personality ideal of"sages and gentlemen"advocated by traditional society, it is more perfect in its content and more substantial in its basis, which has always played an active role of educating, inspiring and urging people to pursue for a higher ideal for over one hundred years. Consequently, the Confucian concept of adult is actually the core of Confucian Thought, around which many Confucian thoughts are developed and searched for. Modern humanism-based management is the main content of western civilization integrated with the philosophy, economics, sociology and management science since the industrial revolution. There are disadvantages and advantages for the two civilizations. The Confucian thought in the oriental civilization is good at"connotation", but lack of"exteriorization", pays attention to the"philosophic idea", but slights the"achievements and successes". The modern humanism-based management requires the unity of the two civilizations in the form, but on one hand, because it originates from the social background of capitalism competition and on the other hand, because it is lack of the inherent ability and means, it is impossible to realize the real unity of the two civilizations. Driven by the inertia of capital benefit pursuit, it is usually difficult to meet the requirement of philosophic idea through replacing the"capitalism"by the"humanism"because of the undue benefit pursuit and fierce market competition, which displays the essence of paying attention to the achievements and successes and slighting the philosophic idea. The two civilizations are exactly encountered herein.As far as the Confucian Thought is concerned, the"explicit"ability and"achievements & successes"orientation of the modern humanism-based management can review and rethink profoundly the Confucian Thought, especially can activate the adult will of the Confucian Concept of Adult targeted at"achievements"and"successes", which can significantly reveal the vitality and"ability"of the Confucian Thought. As far as the Modern Humanism-Based Management is concerned, the upper-tracing value orientation of the Confucian Concept of Adult can not only make the management mainbody to overcome the disadvantage of relying on the system restriction and utilitarian simulation due to its own insufficiency of power, but also make the management mainbody to produce the force of refusing the external influence and temptation, thus establishing the"human-oriented"development trend of the Modern Humanism-Based Management and really playing the role of not only benefiting the organization, but also accomplishing the individual, showing off the socialism, but also maintaining the justice among individuals, and not only ensuring the stable development of the society, but also maintaining the harmonious unity of the ecology, and finally realizing the"human freedom, position and all-round development".This paper is described by five aspects:1. Real Connotation of Modern Humanism-Based Management. The real connotation of modern humanism-based management shall contain the contents of three layers, namely,"doctrine of nature","doctrine of morality"and"doctrine of force". The so-called"doctrine of nature"refers to the"foundation of nature", the human priority of the ontology, and the premise and foundation of the humanism-based management. It refers to that the human shall be regarded as the primary element or basic element in the management elements, that is, it shall be treated as an element for priority consideration. Specifically, when there is a conflict between the"human survival, freedom and all-round development"and other management elements, the priority shall be given to the"human survival, freedom and all-round development". This principle is based on the consideration of humanistic ontology that"human being is the measure of all things on earth", and"all human beings are born free". What is it measured is the"law value"of the management mainbody, that is, it is a nature-based regulation when the system's object fails to perform its things under the condition of non-subjective intention. The so-called"doctrine of morality"refers to the"basis of morality and humanity", and it is the mainbody and content of humanism-based management. It is the human-based nature and the humanistic consciousness generated by rooting in the morality and conscience, including the friendly treatment to oneself, friendly affection to other people, the accomplishment of the individuals and understanding and sympathy with the society, which is a kind of characteristic reflection of"man as man"and"men differ from brutes"."Doctrine of force", out of demand purpose for substance, however refers to the"doctrine of use"that is characterized by human being's usefulness, and it is proposed opposite to the"doctrine of capital"and"doctrine of substance".2. Mechanism Defect for Modern Humanism-Based Management. If we take"doctrine of force"as the"doctrine"of the first layer,"doctrine of morality"as the"doctrine"of the second layer, and the"doctrine of nature"as the"doctrine"of the third layer, it is significant that the modern humanism-based management mainly contains the"humanism-based"management of the first layer, that is, the"humanism-based"management of laying stress on and using the human being's useful property. The organization of"humanism-based"management that is able to enter the second layer is restricted not only by the organization culture (usually refers to"corporate culture") based on the moral culture, but also by the substantial condition of the organization, even by the competitive environment of the organization survival. As a result, with regard to the organization or system of"humanism-based"management setting root at or keeping in the second layer, especially the"humanism-based"management that is hoped to uplift to the third layer, what we will discuss is not its subjective will or its effort, but its objective possibility.3. A Probe into the Ideology of Confucian Concept of Adult. Although there exists a trend of shortening the"exteriorization"and slighting the"achievements and successes", namely, the insufficiency of"doctrine of force", the first doctrine in the humanism-based management, however, it is exactly its characteristics of being good at"connotation"and excelling at"cultivation"that make the Confucian Thought centered on the Confucian Concept of Adult become the main way to make up for the great defect of western humanism-based management, that is, lack of"doctrine of morality"and loss of"doctrine of nature"that are caused by the utilitarian humanism-based management and systemized humanism-based management. Though the Confucian thought of management is based on the"doctrine of people", and it is a kind of"downward"management idea in the form, with an insufficient founding for the"humanism", it is in fact a king of"metaphysical"management idea with a motive and ability for"humanism-based"pursuit due to its limitless transcending spirit of social subject advocated by the Confucian Concept of Adult. It is exactly this feature that makes the individuals and groups affected by it to realize the moral consciousness and ontology respect. For this reason, under the existing condition, we must and are able to rely on this ideology to make up for the lack of"doctrine of morality"and loss of"doctrine of nature"that are caused by the utilitarian humanism-based management and systemized humanism-based management.4. Conclusion of Confucian Management Practice. The application of the Confucian Concept of Adult to the management practice has become the successful experience in some countries, especially in Japan and Korea. The Confucian Thought did not cause such a conflict to any civilization that is predicted by Mr. Huntington, on the contrary, its active attitude and spirit has greatly improved the national quality, promoted the industrial progress of the two countries. The Singapore government even uplifts the Confucianism to a"State Awareness"and takes the Confucian Concept of Adult as the core of national quality education, which exerts an important action for the economic development and social stability of Singapore. In recent years, the"Confucianism Surge"and the rising of"Confucian Capitalism"in the developed capitalism countries such as England and the USA have embodied the generalization of the Confucian Thought to a great degree, especially the generalization of the Confucian Adult Ethics.5. A Study of Value for Confucian Management. Because of the"gene"loss and mechanic defect in the modern humanism-based management, it is nearly impossible to fulfill or carry out the really significant"human-oriented"management during the management. Therefore, the advocating of the Confucian Concept of Adult, firstly, may overcome and make up for the defect and potential crisis of management system that exerts great impact on the historic process, secondly, may play a spirit-founding role in structuring a harmonious society in the future, thirdly, is of an important intensified role in continuing the civilization tradition of Chinese nation, improving the whole national quality and ability and strengthening the comprehensive national power and national self confidence, and fourthly, has provided the important opportunity for exploring the modern value of traditional Chinese civilization, developing the global action of Chinese nation, uplifting and consolidating the historic position of Chinese nation.