Study On The Reform In The Rural Old-Age Security System

The dissertation is mainly designed to study not only on the origin, historical changes and the future development of the Rural Old-Age Security System (short form in the System) in the order of its time and Logics, but also on its characteristics and its developmental principles. At the same time, it also explore its possibilities, necessities, target location, policy orientation and concrete measures in carrying out the systemThe present dissertation consists of nine parts, including introduction and eight chapters:The Introduction part introduces the research questions, research significance, research status at home and abroad, research method, basic logics, the key difficulties, innovation, the space for further research and the basic framework of the dissertation.Chapter One presents some theories of the Rural Old-Age Security System. Based on the investigation on the introduction of the System from Marxism's classic authors, scholars at home and abroad, who conducted the explanations on the social security, pension and the change in social systems, it theoretically takes macro-control of its emergence and development of the System on human beings and lays a solid theoretical foundation for the further discussion by means of the definitions of the aged, pension, the System and other concepts concerned.Chapter Two is mainly focused on the historical changes and their evaluations. It points out that the System can be divided into two historical stages: the first stage is from the founding of PRC to the performing of the Reform and Opening Up policy, the second stage is from the performance of the Policy to the present. By reviewing the history, it makes a summary about the experiences and lessons during the course of the reform on the System in order to find out the principles or laws, which set a good stage for further exploration on the System.Chapter Three, based on the analysis of the current situations, their problems and causes, influences and the reform on the System, points out the necessities and the urgency in the reform of the System. Because of the errors of the concepts of social security, the limitation of key points of its construction and investment to the major cities, the influence of the traditional Household Registration System and Land System, the responsibilities defect in the course of establishing and the perfecting the System, the backward situations and unbalance in the rural economic development and other conditions, such problems existed in the System as low level guarantees,narrow coverage,great differences between urban and rural and deficiency of sustainability, among which the Rural Insurance Pension System is remarkable. Up to now, our government has not established a united and widely beneficial Rural Old-Age Security System because of its singleness and limitation of construction of the System, so it couldn't effectively solve the problem.The improper solution of the current problems and imperfect situations of the System will have a great effect on urban-rural integration development, social stability of rural area, the implementation. of the Policy of family planning, economic development, and further on the construction of the harmonious society and the implementation of the scientific development concept.Therefore, the establishing and perfecting of the System will be requested by the realization of social equity, the guarantee of social stability and promotion of the harmonious development. And then it is urgently needed by resolving″san nong″problems, implementing the scientific concept of development and constructing the socialist harmonious society.Chapter Four makes a research on international comparison of rural social endowment insurance and family supporting so as to summarize the reform trend of the international rural old-age security system. On the analysis of the investigation of rural old-age security system carried out in the western developed countries and developing Countries, it shows that a couple of countries laid emphasis on the role of informal security system like family supporting; expanded the field of serving the old people; enlarged the coverage of social security over the old-aged in the countryside and adopted diverse and multi-level security modes and targeting urban and rural harmony during the course of the establishment and perfection of the System, which have provided beneficial enlightenment for our reform of the System.Chapter Five introduces the target location and policy orientation of the reform of the System in China. The target of the reform is to build a perfect system which is equipped with unified and various goals for different periods and areas. Recently the target of the system construction is to escalate the scope of coverage of the social endowment insurance to solve some practical problems in family supporting; its mid-term target is to identify the corresponding point of the two blocks of the urban and rural social pension insurance to lay a foundation for their final integration; its long-term goal tends to set up a perfect system at national level which centers on social insurance and is attached by family supporting, mutual aid among community and other traditional guarantee modes and combined with urban employers pension security system. The Policy Orientation of the Rural Old- aged Pension System is that the policies should be carried out flexibly and variously according to different areas and groups. The responsibilities of the government should be clearly shouldered by country, communities and individuals with common share and diversification..Chapter Six explores the reform measures carried on the System in China from the perspective of reforming and perfecting the Rural Family Supporting Security System and establishing and perfecting the Rural Old-Age Security System. The change in the Family Supporting Security and its vitality requires the measures taken such as the implication of moral restriction on the traditional rural family supporting, guarantees of economic conditions, the passing of compulsory laws and policies with some inclination and others. The reform of the System needs take some measures of perfecting the Rural Social Pension Insurance System, the Five Guarantees Supporting System and socialized pension modes in rural areas. The reform of the System also request the coordinated reform on a variety of systems carried out in rural areas, such as the further rural reform, the form of the Rural Land System and urbanization.Chapter Seven makes a further research on the socialization of the System and the trend of urban-rural integration. It points out that the historical trend of the System development is towards its socialization and urban-rural integration, which is inevitable.Chapter Eight is focused on the monographic Study on the System of peasant workers, landless farmers and the staff and workers working in township enterprises. It also discusses the problems t for Reform.