Economic Analysis Of Land Property Institutions Efficiencies In China Rural Areas

Contract, country and property are the three main factors of instirutions constructor, they control the institution efficiencies. Their independence and coorrlation deduct the diffirent paths of improving the institution efficiencies together. According this, the land could be deployed by interfereing the land property institution factors in china rural areas, the goal of maximizing the utility of main bodys would be fulfilled in land property institutions.The study to institution efficiencies has an expereicence from outside to inside. The elastisty, openness, Pareto improvement and so on emphasis the standard of measuring the institution efficiencies; the analysis of transaction cost, contract, property and country tell us how to improve the institution efficiencies. Institution efficicences can be judged and improved by oberserving the"external characters and results"and the"factor levels". The institutions total efficiencies are degressive. Institution factors include transaction cost, contract, property and country. They can improve the institution efficiceces if they revolving harmonious, on the contrary, the institution efficiencies"short slab"could be appeared. According the basic judgement,the institution efficiencies"short slab"theory is established by finding the mechanism of institution factors to efficienceies, judging the"institutions efficiencies short slab", clearing the rules of governing the"short slab"and the course of"three synchronous govering". Espesilly, the"short slab"theory brings out the"real short slab"and the"suppositional short slab". After this, the CPC model of institution efficiencies is described.Country, property and contract have the difirrent path in rural property institutions. The paths tell us the type is"efficient country, inefficient property, and inefficient contract". The property and contract"short slab"could be governed by transferring, optimizing and deploying.The paths of china land property institution efficiencies from country, property and contract are displayed. (1) The influence coefficient, factors percentage of country in land property institution are high, the land property institution efficiencies and the country strengthen is negative correlation. (2) The level of peasants land property and the land property institution efficicences is positive correlation; in a long run, the land ownership and the dispoal right are the main factors to influencing the property level; the influence coefficient, factors percentage of property in land property institution are low, under 50%. (3) The monopoly preference of contract main body controls the contract level in china land property institution. All in all, the land property institution efficiceces type is"efficient country, inefficient property, and inefficient contract"in china rural.The method of govering the"double short slabs"is"draw the strong points of others to offset one's own weakness"; the steps include transferring, optimizing and deploying; the concrete path is definiting the situation, grasping the connotation, finding out the course, bringing out the measures.The governing of property"slab"include three parts: (1) transferring phase. It is the part of land property transfer from government to peasants. Under the situation of government main body and the peasants object, the transfer must be necessary and long. The connotation is transferring the benefit. The concrete path has four parts:"government ownership of incompact restriction","government ownership of compact restriction","Peasant ownership of incompact restriction"and"peasant ownership of compact restriction". The measures are establishing the training organization, improving the maxization of using land compensating and so on. (2) Optimizing phase. It is the phase that peasants absorb the utility of government transferred power by the land charactors. The situation is the transferring time lag lies in a long run; the degree of maturation is diffirent in peasant land propery diffirent parts. The connotation is that peasants absorb the utility by using the land property charters under the market mechanism. The couse includes four parts: government monopoly, competition under the unsymmetrical information, competition under the symmetrical information and the peasants's monopoly. Measures include extending the market environment, improving the transaction ability and so on. (3) Deploying phase. It is the phase that government deploys the power between property and contract. The situation of market developing determined the deploying. The connotation is that maximizing the land property utility. It includes initial stage, metaphase and late stage. Controlling market trend, issuing market information must be used to fulfill the deploying.The governing of property"slab"include two parts: (1) transferring phase. Government is the land property main body; peasants and market demanders are the object. The connotation of"government land property contract"to"market land property contract"is that the government transfer to"severining government"from"controlling government". Its path include"government transferring land property contract benefit","improving the peasants land property contract gaming ability","government leading the contract benefit deployint"and"land property contract demand tranffering". Main measures have bringing out laws, financial subsidying and so on. (2) Deploying phase. There is not the mechanism to avoid the"apriori advese selection"and the"postmortem moral hazard", land property contract exsits institution shortage. The connotation is how to bring out the mechanism to improve the symmetrical degree of information, ruduce the"apriori advese selection"and the"postmortem moral hazard". The cource have four parts: shortage phase, foming phase, maturation phase and stability phase. The governmet must train and improve the peasants'riskawarness, establishing the professional organization to study the market and so on.As staded above, under the general theory of institutional economics and the"short slab"theory of institution efficiceces, the institution efficiencies of land property in china rural is certain, the"double short slabs"is governed; the efficiencies land property institution is improved. At the same time, this theory can be used to analyzing the rural land institution bunch and so on.