| China's road freight transportation industry is one of the earliest industries to apply the market reform. Since the year of 1983, Ministry of Transportation raised the policy of "Sharing the Road with Everybody", the road freight transportation industry has reduced the restrictions, and therefore, the transportation problems have been resolved to some extent. But entering the end of 1990s, this industry met a super-competition situation. By the end of 2006, the national operational motor carriers amount had been 6.48 million, road freight transportation operators amount had been 4.68 million and the average for per household is only 1.4. The whole industry has appeared the mess situation of price competition and overload transportation and the market performance is very poor. Meanwhile, since the 21st century, the modern logistics industry has had a rapid development in China and the road freight transportation, as the only transportation way for the last 10 kilometers of the whole logistic process, plays a key role in modern logistics. China'a road freight transportation has severely restricted the healthy development of Chinese modern logistic industry.There are many problems in the development of the road freight industry, however, the theoretical research has lagged. On the one hand, the techno-economic characteristic of the transportation industry is indeed different from general business, and the analysis was not in good accordance with its characteristics, resulting in great difference in theoretical results and practice. On the other hand, the road freight transportation in the transportation industry, especially in China, is extremely fragmented. The serious shortage of statistical data leads to great difficulty in quantitative research. For a long time, theorists have done very little in research of road freight transportation. The overall research in road freight transportation from the perspective of industry organization is almost blank.Based on the problems faced by industry development and the status of the theoretical study, the paper in the view of the SCP framework of the traditional industrial organization analysis, trying to combine the techno-economic characteristic of the transport industry and the specific course of the road freight transportation industry development, sets up the dynamic SCP framework of road freight transportation industrial organization, makes a comprehensive analysis in the changes at all levels of road freight transportation since 1949, explores the problems and the causes and puts forward the related policy recommendations.Based on broad literature reviews of researches on foreign and domestic road freight transportation industrial organization, this thesis presents theoretic and research progressing reviews on SCP analytical framework, special nature theory of transport industry and the regulation, division of labour and evolvement of industrial organization. Upon this solid foundation, the author constructs a brand new dynamic SCP analytical framework which lays a theoretic basis for the research framework of the thesis.In the following chapter, the thesis probes into the special tech-economic characteristics and industrial regulation. After exploring the industrial data from 1949 to 2006, econometrical analysis on the approximately sixty-year development of road freight transportation industry in China is given. Through carding the country-to-country regulation and deregulation evolving history in this industry, the author concludes the regular evolving procedure of the interactions among special technical and economical characteristics, regulatory characteristics, basic conditions and levels of development. The econometrical analysis on influential factors of domestic industrial development further proves that the increment of domestic road freight transportation industry has a significant correlation with regulator evolvement, basic industrial production conditions etc.Based on the theoretical analyzing framework we proposes, the following 3 chapters we conduct empirical studies of development, evolvement and influential factors of the market structure, conduct and market performance in domestic road freight transportation industry for the past 30 years. The chapter 4 empirically examines the market structure and its movement of road freight transportation industry in the past sixty-yea. The results show that after thirty-year market development, this underlying industry gradually fashions an over-competitive market structure which puts up a delicate centralizing trend in recent years. Afterwards the thesis analyzes the cause of this over-competitive market structure indicating the facts that the industry over-entrance resulted from sharp relaxation of regulation is the main cause of this over-competitive market structure of which the other main causes are industry-specific tech-economic characteristics related endogenous factor and basic industrial production conditions related exogenous factor in this transitional economy.The Chapter 5 described the typical enterprises conduct evolution of China's road freight transportation industry in the last 60 years by case analysis and pointed out that the characteristics of China's enterprises conduct in the road freight transportation industry are abundant price competition and overload. But in recent years, it shows the trend of verticalization in logistic and alignment benefits of small-scale less-than-truckload. Afterwards, the thesis analyzed from the points of regulation transfer, market structure, industry external environment and basic conditions changes and made the conclusion that the characteristics of decentralized operations of China's road freight transportation enterprises will not change in the coming long period of time.The Chapter 6 analyzed the market performance and its influencing elements of the road freight transportation industry based on the index of freight transportation production rate and vehicles whole-element production ratio and the result shows that the market structure, demand increase and the basic conditions of the road freight industry have a significant influence on the market performance of the road freight industry. It also shows that under the situation of unchanged market structure, the changes of transaction will change the market performance and also the thesis explained it from the perspective of experimental economics.Finally, according the result of the analysis, the Chapter 7 raised some suggestions on the road freight transportation industry reforms. The opinions are by increasing the entering barrier for the truck load and decrease the entering barrier for the less-than-truckload and professional logistics to improve the development of the scaled-economic network road transportation; by cultivating the road freight transportation transaction market to increase the road freight transportation industry concentration degree so that the target of improving the market performance of Chinese road freight transportation.The thesis does innovative researches on the road freight transportation industry, and gives innovative contribution to the construction of the dynamic SCP analysis frame and relative demonstration analysis. The result of the research gives a good explanation to the reality, and also provides many feasible policy suggestions. The downside of the thesis is that the quantitative analysis is not very completed due to the shortage of the industrial statistic materials, and still some qualitative analysis is lack of verification of practice.
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