Study On Some Newsboy Problem In The Supply Chain Management

In the recent 20 years, the supply chain management (SCM) which originated from manufacture industry has achieved conspicuous effects on production, distribution and improvement of the efficiency of trade management. With the development of globalization, and the great success acquired in the manufacture industry due to the SCM. different industries have been using SCM to improve the system efficiency. SCM is not only for single enterprise management, but also for the management of net-shaped relationship in various scales between many enterprises. Because of complexity, the SCM may be confronted with many problems. In this paper, we'll conduct further research on Newsboy problems in SCM, including:(1) Newsboy problem is always the hot topic in SCM research. At first, we'll show several classical Newsboy models;(2) The purchase and stock of raw material is vital for manufacturer all the time. The stock problem of many suppliers has attracted many researchers' attention. This paper discusses the type of single product and multi-resources in Newsboy stochastic stock problem in supply chain, and then respectively discusses the system's stock problem according to one, two and n (any natural number) resources number. For the system's complexity, especially when the resources number is arbitrary, we use order statistics to arrange the disorder state of n stochastic lead times statistics in the probability statistics, then use the density and distribution function of order statistics to establish the stochastic stock model of multi-resources in supply chain. All these shall have enriched the research on this field.(3) In the past, the manufacturers and the buyers mutually keep secret in the production and the sale of product, they seldom communicated. Now, they have realized sharing information together is not only benefiicial for themselves, but also for other people in supply chain. And a win-win circumstance is to be created. This is the very coordination-order problem of the manufacturers and the buyers in supply chain. This paper is studying coordination-order problem between single manufacturer and n buyers in supply chain, giving more ordinary Newsboy model and the model analysis. Firstly, we respectively establish the profit model of n buyers, the profit model of single manufacturer, and the total-profit model of a two-echelon system which consists of single manufacturer and n buyers in supply chain; Secondly, we analyze the three profit models above, giving satisfactory conditions of the optimum order in supply chain under the coordination state or not, and supply the theoretical proof. Simultaneously we can see the optimum order quantity under the coordinated condition is larger than under the non-coordinated state, and expound why the total profit under the coordinated state is bigger than in non-coordinated state.(4) In the process of using merchandise, when some kinds of merchandise in lack, the buyer possibly choose another kind of merchandise with the same attribute as the substitute to use. Studying on replacement of merchandise is always done as one of hot issues. This paper works further extending research in this field and establishes the total-profit model and total-expense model of various merchandises of Newsboy system respectively. At first, we research on the Newsboy problem of which two kinds of merchandise can replace each other, respectively establishing the total-profit model and total-expense model based on the aspects of system's profit & expense, and do numerical analysis on model with examples. Secondly, we study on Newsboy problem of which three kinds of merchandise can replace among each other, and establish the total-profit model and the total expense model in turn.The extended research results above, have enriched the theoretical content of the management in supply chain.