Research On Environmental Preferences Of Residents

Residents are not only the core of environmental governance, but also the micro-main who implemente the strategy of sustainable development. As the promoters of environmental governance, residents who demand environmental governance play an important ecological role' in building a civil society. On the one hand, residents who have low environmental preferences think that the environmental governance is the responsibilities of enterprise and government, and not realize that they themselves are the agents of environmental governance and practice, and thereby lead to residents has not been play the effectively role in environmental governance. On the other hand, the existing system of environmental regimes is not the preferred environment for the residents to achieve with complete access and the path leading to ranking China environmental preferences can not be effectively translated into actions to promote a positive environment for business and government environmental regulation benign power, thereby reducing the efficiency of environmental governance. If we can not effectively nurturing environment for the residents preferences nor provide a complete system to the realization of the environmental preferences, ecological civilization construction will be castles in the air, sustainable development of society will also become a rootless tree.For a long time, environmental governance economics is based on "external nature" theory, the logical conclusion of this theory is:the Government should use policy instruments to geovence the enterprise environmental behavior to achieve environmental objectives. Some environmental policy instruments rely on the Government and the market system based on this theory rise, such as environmental taxes and emissions trading and so on. In such a theoretical assumption, the role and the value of the residents in environmental governance is ignored. The reality of the macro and micro view, environmental policy that ignore the Residential environmental preferences in environmental protection does not reach expectations. Because of high-input of environmental governance and a wide range of information asymmetry which lead governments and enterprises to spend enormous cost to reduce emissions. In fact, many governments can not afford to pay all the costs of environmental regulation, and the active power of enterprise environmental behaviors is limited. In the past three decades, the air is constantly subjected to pollution, the growing scarcity of fresh water, soil desertification, serious rock desertification, forest destruction, biodiversity is being lost, fisheries continued to cut and so on. In the micro level, residents who demand for environmental governance did not play its deserved role. Residents and the government in environmental governance are the principal-agent relationship, which lead the government does not regulate the pulltion according to the preferences of the residents. The game beween residents and enterprises on environmental governance is failed regularly because lack of the system. It had to make us reflect on the inherent limitations of hypothetical assumptions, and attempt to residential environmental preferences in environmental governance reasonable position.We considered that:the residents as the impetus for of environmental governance do not play its due role in the environmental protection and governance, which led to the continued global environmental deterioration. Traditional environmental economics theory regards the government and enterprises as the main body of environmental governance, but do not further explore why business and government to become the main body of environmental governance, and where the power to push enterprise and government reducing pulltion.In this article, we set the basic assumptions:residents, enterprises and governments on environmental are the three subjects who governance environment and supply environmental goods. Residential environmental preferences are Troika engine and driving force. Residential environmental preferences were neglected by traditional environmental policy, the core of the Troika lost its power in environmental governance. Residential environmental preferences as the fundamental driving force put pressure on the enterprise and government to regulate environmental pulltion. At same times, residential environmental preferences are also endogenous motivation of residential environment-friendly behavior. There are some conditions to limite Residential environmental preferences coming into residential environment-friendly behaviors, enterprises positivly behaviors and governments environmental governance. So the article,addresses that the mechanism and the influencing factors of residential environmental preferences,which are the most important questions for this paper to figure out.In this paper, we analyze the reveal of residential environmental preferences as an entry. Firstly, according to observing the general characteristics of residential environmental preferences, we point out that residential environmental behaviors reveal the residential environmental preferences. Then, the paper summes up the environment consumtion behavior, environmental social behavior, environmental lifestyle behaviors (routine behavior) three residents of environmental behavior from the complicated classification of the environmental behavior literature, pointing out that the different environmental behaviors are all response to environmental preferences, but the different environmental behaviors achieve the different level of environmental preferences. After that, the paper establishs the general model to reveal environmental preferences. Next step, we suppose that the income and the system are the influencing factors of residential environmental preferences, and establish the general constraints model of residential environmental preferences. Then we analysis how income and institutional restrict residential environmental preferences. In the analysis of Residential environmental preferences restrict by incomes, according to introduce lexicographic preference to analysis people's preference on environmental goods and economic goods preferences, we find the law of environmental lexicographic preference. Next, the paper explores the income effect and substitution effecting on the residential environmental preferences. At last, it points out that the environmental preferences make decisions for environmental quality through the output-environment curve and the production of general equilibrium analysis.In the analysis of residential environmental preferencesin restrict by the system, the article points out that the residential environmental preferences and environmental systems are symbiotic evolutionary relationships, analysis the general characteristics and problems of the training system and achievement system of the residential environmental preferences. At same time, it discusses how the psychological and behavioral factors impact on residential environmental preferences. Finally, it comparative analyzes and validates the correctness of the basic assumptions and conclusions through empirical survey two groups of university students' environmental preferences in China and the United States.According to analyzing the role of residential environmental preferences in environmental governance and environmental goods supply mechanism, the research points out that residents are subjects in environmental economics, and provides a theoretical starting point for further research on residential environmental preferences The same time, s by analyzing the display model and constraint functions of residential environmental preference,noting that income and institutional constraint environmental preferences and how to change, providing a micro-theoretical basis on the value and role of residential environmental in ecological civilization society.The domestic literature of residential environmental preference is still rare. This paper references on foreign research results based on the analysis of behavior as an entry point, conjoint using theoretical research and empirical studies combining deductive analysis and inductive analysis of a combination of research paradigm, analyzing the concrete practice of residential environmental preferences based on neo-classical economics, institutional economics and behavioral economics, the environmental economics, environmental management, environmental psychology, environmental sociology. The study is designed to build a basic analytical framework for the residential environmental preferences, including the residents of the concept level, display constraints, a series of basic theoretical issues of environmental preferences, and the micro- and macroeconomic factors and their mechanism of environmental preferences, trying to find a valid path to nurture and achieve residential environmental preferences.In this paper, the main contents are as follows: Chapterâ… :Introduction, including the background to the study, significance and objectives. According to reviewing the development of residential environmental preferences research under "external nature" theory, this chapter points out the theory difficulties and practical obstacles of residential environmental preferences, and value the study of environmental preferences residents in environmental economics. Then it illustrates the study thinking through the elaborate technical line and research methods of this study.Chapterâ…¡:Preferences and environmental preferences. By combing the development of preference theory, the chapter thinks about that the analysis of psychological preferences develop the behavioral economics, and preference theory sorting will help us gain a deeper understanding of environmental preferences. Then it analyzes the emergence and development situation residential environmental preferences in the economic theory, discussing the link between the environmental preferences and other preferences, environmental values. As the residential environmental preferences is inseparable from the many assumptions of existing preference studies, but also depends on the preferences of existing research evidence and support, which is the value of this chapter writing.Chapterâ…¢:The observation of Residential environmental preferences. First, the environmental preferences of the initial observation, pointed out that the environmental preferences of the residents of the heterogeneity and continuous development of character and, on the basis of the theory of revealed preference analysis of environmental behavior of residents in environmental preferences of the residents of the display of sub-environmental behavior of local residents for environmental consumer behavior, environmental social behavior and environmental lifestyle behaviors (daily behavior), the establishment of environmental preferences of the general population show model, and then, on the basis of the existing literature to tease out the income and institutional residents in environmental preferences of the main factors put forward residents of the environment function and a general model of preference constraints.Chapterâ…£:The analysis of Residential environmental preferences under the constraints of income. This chapter pointed out that the residential environmental preferences and consumption of economic goods with the lexicographic of preference, the introduction of the concept of dictionary preference Residential environmental preferences in the incomes of items under different choice; through environmental goods classified analysis of the income effect and substitution effect on the residents of the impact of environmental preferences; also analyzed under the environmental preferences of the residents in general equilibrium, pointing out that the environmental preferences of the decisive role of environmental outputs.Chapterâ…¤:The analysis of Residential environmental preferences under the constraints of institution. This chapter analyzes symbiotic evolutionary relationships between the residential environmental preferences and environmental institution, straightening out the macro-hierarchical and micro-level of residential environmental preference, discussing the constraints of cultivation system and the realization system on the environmental preferences, and melt psychological and behavioral factors into the analysis of the institution constraints. Finally it put forward suggestions for improvements of institution.Chapterâ…¥:An analysis based on empirical verification. According to questionnaire survey on Chinese students, this chapter verifies the theory conclusion and the hypothesis of the impact factors on the environmental preferences. At last, the paper passes over the amendment proposed by the theoretical model validation and model through a theoretical and empirical comprehensive analysis.Chapterâ…¦:Conclusion. It summaries this study, arriving at final conclusions and pointing out that research gaps and the need for further research.Through the above seven aspects of the interpretation, I think the innovation of this paper is mainly manifested in two aspects:In research content, first, the display model of residential environmental preferences. Environmental behavior by residents are classified as environmental consumer behavior, environmental social behavior and environmental lifestyle behaviors (daily behavior). It points' out that the residents pay different on different environmental behavior. According to analyzing the hierachical of environmental behavior of residents, the paper establishes a display model of environmental behavior preferences.Second, the analysis of residential environmental preferences under the income constraints. This article will be divided into exclusive environmental goods environmental goods (market goods) and non-exclusive environmental goods (environmental quality), pointed out that the lexicographic characteristics between environmental preferences and good preference on income assign. Then, through analysis of environmental goods the income effect and substitution effect under the income structure and income levels, it finds that environmental preferences of the residents decide the environmental goods output.Third, the analysis of residential environmental preferences under the institution constraints.. This paper argues that the residential environmental preferences are the fundamental driving force of government environmental regulation, enterprise positive environmental behavior, residential environment-friendly behaviors. According to analyzing how residential environmental preferences explore the environmental system, it points out that only the pressure of government environmental regulation and positive enterprise environmental behaviors final comes from the residents, the residents environmental preferences really played a role on ecological civilization construction and sustainable development.Methodological aspects:first, the research perspective, it uses the lexicographic Preference analysis as an entry point, and applies the knowledge of neo-classical economics, institutional economics, behavioral economics, environmental psychology, environmental sociology, environmental economics, environmental management to analyze the residential environmental preferences. Second, it uses the induction methods, deduction methods, systems analysis method, equilibrium analysis, game analysis, quantitative analysis, comparative analysis, static analysis, dynamic analysis on the environmental preference analysis, which strongly supported the conclusions of this research.Totally, it is so important to improve the income level of residents and use the residential environmental preferences as the driving force to make the government, enterprises and residents to governance environment and supply environmental goods. The only way to solve the environmental problem is to provide a good path for the cultivation and realization of residential environmental preferences through a series of system design to eliminate barriers of environmental institution. As the recommended by the the 17 party congress report, "we must build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society on the industrialization and modernization development strategy, a prominent position, implemented in each unit, each family", our resources-saving and environment-friendly society should come ture, the construction of ecological civilization should be successful.