Research On The System Science Of The Cluster Of Science And Technology Innovation

It is clearly stated to improve the capability of independent innovation and construct the innovative country in the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which is the core of the national development strategy and the key to enhancing the overall national strength as well. Based on the above, We should stick to the road of independent innovation of Chinese characteristics, and lift the ability of independent innovation in all aspects of modernization. Therefore, it is very important for our country to apply science and technology into scientific and technological innovation. Scholars, researchers and workers in S&T field and high tech enterprises are conducting exploration on the theory and practice. From the experience of both the history and current conditions of other countries we find that technological innovation cluster is major systems of innovation and the main platform for the transformation of science and technology achievements in its own ways. Nowadays, a time of knowledge economy, science and technology clusters as an innovation system of development and construction, attach great importance to all the countries. Actually some research fields of our country do not lag behind those of other countries, and some of them even take at a leading position, but the key point is how to learn from history and innovative experiences of other countries and, how to take the advantages for promoting innovations and how to use these leading edge technology innovations and how many means? All of the above are urgent to solve.As the focus of the academic research, certain important results have been achieved about the study of science and technology innovation cluster, but seldom are about its occurrence, formation and development or the evolution process and operating mechanism of the elements from the perspective of philosophy of science and technology. In the of perspective of the philosophy of science and technology, the present paper deals with the innovative development and evolution of the cluster as a system of thinking and uses a holistic way of thinking, self-organization theory and comparative analysis, conducts in-depth analysis and induction of the evolution of science and technology innovation and science and technology cluster innovation. According to the overall logic of raising questions, analyzing and solving problems, this thesis focuses on the following four aspects:The first part is the analysis of the relationship between the science and technology, technological innovation, technological innovation cluster and their development, followed by the outlining the relevant theory of scientific and technological innovation cluster. With the concepts of science and technology as the starting point, we find that the relationship between science and technology has undergone the parallel period, the interaction period and the integration period in the in history. During the integration period, technology pulled into the relationship between science and economic production, i.e. scientific means of technology used in the economic production. Meanwhile, science has also increased the power of technology to enable production in the economy play a greater role. It is the development of economic production that promotes the integration of science and technology as a whole, and the technological innovation makes the science and technology function substantively. Closely integrated to one, science and technology and economic and social life have been closely blend the emergence of science and technology which is closely linked with economic and social innovation and technology clusters. Profound changes in social life, society, science and technology of existence has been fully socialized. Relationships between them becomes much more inseparably.According to the history of science and technology and economic and relations of production, the second part concludes that there are three stages of the development of science and technology innovation clusters. The relationship between technology and the economy reflects the state of the scientific and technological innovation cluster. It is clearly showed the internal logic of the process of historical development and evolution from the relationship between technology and the economy. The evolution of its development is the spontaneous of scientific period, technological innovation cluster period, and self-organization period. In the first technological revolution and industrial revolution, craftsmen and business owners voluntarily improve the technology to meet the needs of economic production or the application of patents to create the factory. Although associated with the science technological innovations of this period, people with basically experience were not clearly aware of the technological innovation of the important role of economic production. They are just to improve the production efficiency for making more profits, which is called the state of science and technology innovation"the spontaneous period"because of this. Scientists and entrepreneurs in one set of people become aware of the huge economic power of science and technology. They developed and transformed the scientific and technological achievements consciously which were applied into science and technology innovation activities of economic production. The typical sign was that manufacturing enterprises in the rise of industrial research and systematic and standardized industrial research institutions to the creation of industrial research laboratories. This is a conscious period of scientific and technological innovation cluster. After the advent of semiconductor technology, SMEs became more aware of the economic function of science and technology, so that they have automatically gathered in the vicinity of universities or research institutions, using its academic and human resources to scientific and technological innovation activities. It makes technological innovation clusters into the self-organization status for that a large number of small and medium enterprises in the unorganized state of those spontaneous action changing into the formation of a nonlinear interaction.The following part is the analysis of the state of the elements of the system and operational mechanism of the cluster. Technological innovation cluster is composed of the elements such as high-quality talent, culture, environment, social network etc. The positive interaction of those factors is most essential part of the technology innovation research and the most substantive content of law. This part takes the Silicon Valley as an example for analyzing the clusters of innovation and operational mechanism of these four elements. Elements of the academic resources can provide power for the system producing knowledge and innovative thinking, and spirit sources for technological innovation. Elements of high-quality personnel in the innovation cluster are treated as a capital, which reflect the value of capital in the venture shown in the flow and increase value in development. Elements of the cultural environment is a spirit of innovation cluster resources, which is the pursuing of innovation, taking risk, accepting failure, recognized equality, looking for cooperation, the multi-cultural integration, innovation and a potential force cluster evolution. Elements of social networking is an innovative source of non-equilibrium cluster, which builds the foundation for cluster system, the establishment of an open way, promoting regional development, and opening up a practice space. Operating mechanism of the innovation clusters is embodied in the interaction between the related elements, in which the network embedded in the nesting, and the people in the network producing, creating knowledge, exchanging ideas, innovating and build business; in the network, talent flow build the network and form cultural convergence of different networks, which reinforces the cultural diversity in different networks. The interaction of these elements in such innovation clusters from simple to complex, from its existence to the evolution of competition caused by the cooperative.The last part discusses the relation from the evolution of scientific and technological innovation clusters for the construction of that in China. Clusters of modern scientific and technological innovation fall into two categories. The first category is based on industrial research as the driving force of the large enterprises of the enterprise innovation cluster, and the second is the university as the center of high-tech industrial park. What is mainly responsible for these two clusters is the function of technological innovation and industrial research laboratories and universities. Technological innovation as an innovation cluster system requires a suitable environment for its development, and the government should create such an environment, and formulate a policy protecting the development of high-tech industries. Associated with the related theories, this part gives method that what we can learn from the history home and abroad and how enterprises, universities and government play better in the construction of the science and technology innovation cluster, including large enterprise business innovation clusters with conscious innovation cluster and in the conscious existence state. We must strengthen industrial research vigorously; improve the innovative capability of consciously innovation clusters. And in the technological innovation activities, production and research should be jointly integrated one. To run high-tech industrial park in the form of self-organizing innovation cluster, during the existence of self-organized period, the university should give full play the leading role in cluster development. It is quite necessary to make full use of the catalytic role of technology transfer, to encourage teachers and students actively participate in science and technology innovation, to construct and develop the integration platform of Academia-industry. In the construction and development of technological innovation cluster, the government is to achieve a positive sense of innovation and independent innovation of the enterprises as"driving force", and the government's policy to support independent innovation of the enterprises will play a role as the "booster". Accordingly, the clusters introduced must be added their own"factor"in order to truly innovate at the same time.In summary, from the development perspective of its history and development, the relationship between S&T and science and technology innovation cluster can be more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of innovation and cluster development of laws. The main innovation is from the enterprise, but one or two innovative companies are negligible. Only a chain of such enterprises can lead to the formation of a trend, which is the law of historical evolution. Therefore it is necessary to improve the innovative capability of the innovation clusters and study the law of scientific micro-macro-operating, which entails the greatest theoretical and practical significance of improving the country's overall innovation capability.