| Together with the continuous industrialization and development of the economy, China is facing severe problems concerning hazardous waste (HW) treatment and disposal. Because of its advantage of significant volume/quantity reduction and high degree harmlessness, incineration has been one of the most essential methods for HW treatment. Due to the late start of HW treatment, the operation and management experiences of disposal facilities and equipment are lacking, and problems from security and reliability of facilities increase prominently recently in China. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out an operation and optimization study to ensure the safe operation and management of HW disposal facilities, and thus to prevent the secondary pollution of incineration effectively. In order to provide a useful reference and supplement, the paper carried on study on HW incineration using the method with the numerical simulation and field experiment based on a30t/d HW incineration facility.Firstly, this paper started the study from the basic characteristics of typical combustible HW in a region covered by the30t/d HW incineration facility. Then, the database of basic characteristics was established. A typical incineration process model in Aspen Plus was proposed based on the simplified combustion mechanism analysis and verified by the industrial data. Then, the influences of chemical composition, flow rate of waste, excess air on operating characteristics of incineration system were investigated. The efficiency of the gas cleaning system and thermal utilization was also analyzed. The model can be a useful tool in both forecasting the operating parameters of HW incineration and in evaluating the efficiency of the gas cleaning system. Commercial CFD simulation software FLUENT was used to simulate the HW incineration process featuring a rotary kiln and grate furnace incinerator. The analysis focused on the flow field and combustion characteristic in the incinerator, and also the influence on different air supply. Experimental study was performed to investigate the operating characteristics and pollutant emission characteristics on the30t/d HW incineration system featuring a rotary kiln and grate furnace incinerator. The impacts of the feed rate of waste and excess air on the operating characteristic of incineration system were also studied. The dioxin concentrations in the flue gas were measured and analyzed in different locations and different operating conditions. The paper also analyzed the properties of fly ashes along the convection flue gas pass. The influences of typical additives CaO and SiO2as well as melting atmosphere on the properties of fly ashes were studied. The melting experimental study was performed to investigate the distribution and migration characteristics of heavy metals in the fly ashes, which would provide a theoretical basis for the melting and solidification treatment of fly ash.Incineration experiments on two types of typical HWs with high heating calories were investigated in fluidized bed incinerators.(1) In a0.5MW fluidized bed incinerator, the waste generated in the production of acrylic was burned singly, and co-firing experiment with the coal was also performed.(2) The feasibility study of utilizing lanolin waste as auxiliary fuel in a400t/d circulating fluidized bed municipal solid waste incinerator was performed. The combustion stability, combustion efficiency and pollutant emissions were investigated during the co-firing of the MSW, coal and lanolin waste. The study demonstrates the technical feasibility of lanolin waste as auxiliary fuel and CFB has a good adaptability for co-firing of MSW and lanolin waste, which has good economic and social benefits. |
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