| As the main types of living environment, cities have been unprecedented developed. The development of cities have brought civilization and progress of human society, while it also has brought a significant impact on the ecological environment because of the concentrated material and energy, and intense human activities. It has resulted in a series of urban problems. Developing evaluation and study on the urban ecological suitability can improve the virtuous cycle of urban ecosystems, coordinate the contradiction between the urban development and ecological problems, provide theoretical basis for solving urban problems, and the evaluation results can be the strong basis of carrying out urban regulation and management. Therefore, researching of urban ecological suitability not only has ecological significance, but also has socio-economic importance.In allusion to the "reverse ecology" issues in the process of development of cities, this paper evaluates cities from the ecological point of view and establishes index system of urban ecological suitability. Furthermore, by means of fuzzy inference and pattern recognition to evaluate and analyze the index system, it concludes evaluation model of urban ecological suitability. This, paper has accessed to a large number of documents and information firstly based on ecological principles and methods.Then it starts from an ecological point of view to carry out qualitative and quantitative analysis on the urban ecological system, and make out the concept and connotation of urban ecological suitability. In addition, it has selected and screened33indicators from the five aspects such as resource supporting capacity of main city zone, environmental condition and pollution load of main city zone, efficiency benefits of main city zone, social security and social welfare of main city zone, and ecological support of city zone to set up the indicator system of urban ecosystem suitability. This article has adopted fuzzy logic evaluation methods for evaluation on index system of urban ecosystem suitability; it finally carried out defuzzification to obtain the evaluated value of urban ecosystem suitability through carrying out fuzzy to the system, establishing fuzzy inference system, developing fuzzy rules and carrying out fuzzy inference. By the study on Yangzhou City’s urban ecosystem suitability, we can see that:the urban ecosystem suitability of Yangzhou city during1997-2007was between0.482-0.684, it was in normal and good range, and the overall urban ecosystem suitability appears rising.The evaluation results of each subsystem (layer B) show that:1) In the early stages of the study period, the resource supporting capacity of main city zone was in the highest. But along with the time changing, the resource supporting capacity of main city zone has a little fluctuation; there has some decreasing in the middle. It shows that along with social development, the urban development has been at the cost of sacrificing resources, but as environmental awareness increased, this situation has changed a lot.2) The environmental condition and pollution load of main city zone appear overall rising, but there are still some fluctuations, which are related to the transient of environmental pollution, so we should pay attention to the continuous monitoring and management of environmental protection.3) The efficiency benefits of main city zone was in the "normal" range at the early study period,but along with the time changing, the index had a little increasing, the efficiency benefits of main city zone has became the new point of growth.4) In the early stage of the study period, the social security and social welfare of main city zone was the lowest, but the index increased rapidly, which was in line with the actual conditions of the social reality.The social security and social welfare increased rapidly during1997-2007, which has became the main growth point of urban ecosystem suitability.5) In the later study period, the ecological support of city zone was the lowest. It indicates that the latter ecological of city zone can not give adequate support to the city, the ecological support of city zone will become a bottleneck of urban development.Through the Regression Analysis between the index system of layer B and layer D:1) Urban per capita resource consumption was negatively associated with the main city resource consumption and support, other index was correctitude associated. If the artificial regulations of urban green space area per capita indicators, the urban per capita land use indicators, urban per capita water consumption targets and urban per capita energy consumption indicators will greatly improve the main urban areas the consumption of resources and support. The value of green space per capita area was priority advisement;2) Taking into account, the main urban environment and pollution load is mainly affected by the value indicators of significant noise impact, if the artificial regulation of noise control standards and the industrial wastewater discharge standards would greatly improve the environment and the main city pollution load values, which give priority to control noise standard coverage indicators; 3) The value of the main urban areas mainly affected by the efficiency of effective indicators of per capita income of a significant financial impact, if the per capita revenue targets human controlled would be more greatly improve the efficiency of effective value of the main urban areas;4) The value of social security of the main city and welfare is mainly affected by urban residents disposable income and per capita urban road area, if the artificial regulation of urban residents per capita disposable income and per capita urban road area will be more substantial improve the value of social security and welfare of the main city, which give priority to control urban residents per capita disposable income indicators;5) Urban Ecological supported mainly impact by the value of the city’s per capita natural renewable non-living resource. If renewable non-biological energy is controlled by the human, it would be more greatly increase the value of Urban Ecological support.This article has got rid of the traditional research methods, it has put the main city zone as a research object, to truly realize the word "Urban" in the concept of urban ecosystem niche-fitness. It also innovatively set up the indicator system of urban ecosystem suitability based on the five aspects of resource supporting capacity of main city zone, environmental condition and pollution load of main city zone, efficiency benefits of main city zone, social security and social welfare of main city zone and ecological support of city zone, which has fully reflected the basic requirements of city-centered and people-centered. And at the same time, this paper has adopted fuzzy mathematical method to evaluate index system, which would brought more objective and reasonable results. Abandoning the setting of conventional AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to the index weight, to change it into a more reasonable fuzzy inference way and fuzzy evaluation way of pattern recognition, which will make the results more reasonable and more in line with objective reality.To develop evaluation and study on the urban ecosystem niche-fitness can improve the virtuous cycle of urban ecosystems, coordinate the contradiction between the urban development and ecological problems, provide theoretical basis for solving urban problems, and the evaluation results can be the strong basis of carrying out urban regulation and management. By carrying out study on urban ecosystem suitability,we not only can find out the existing problems before carrying out adjustment, but also can carry out prediction and planning for urban development, so as to promote further development of the city. |
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