| This paper deal with a series of fundamental research on the new mineral processing technology of the Huize Lead-Zinc Ore. The main subject investigated were the difference in the flotability of galena, sphalerite and pyrite of No.6, No.8and No.10orebody and the flotability of cerusite and zinc oxysalt minerals (the mixture of smithsonite and hemimorphite).Using ethyl xanthate as collector and ZnSO4, Pb(NO3)2, Na2SO3, CaO, CuSO4, soluble starch and sodium humate as regulators, the flotation of galena, sphalerite and pyrite of No.6, No.8and No.10orebody was carried out. The results show that there are some differences in flotability among galena, sphalerite and pyrite of the same orebody and among the same minerals of No.6, No.8and No.10orebody, especially when using ZnSO4, Na2SO3, CaO and soluble starch as regulator. Using ZnSO4, Na2SO3and soluble starch as regulator (exclusive use or combination use), galena and pyrite have similar flotability, but sphalerite has bad flotability, so galena, sphalerite and pyrite can be separated by iso-floatable galena and pyrite; The same minerals of No.6, No.8and No.10orebody have different flotability, so the differential flotation of iso-floatable galena and pyrite is feasible; When pH>11, using CaO as regulator, galena and pyrite can be separated effectively.Using ethyl xanthate, laurylamine,2-salicylhydroxamic acid,8-hydroxyquinoline and2-mercaptobenzothiazole respectively as collectors, the flotation of cerusite was carried out. Using ethyl xanthate as collector, with the ethyl xanthate dosage of2×10-4mol/L (dosage for flotation of sulphide minerals) without sodium sulphide, cerusite has no flotability, but as ethyl xanthate dosage increases by approximately25times, the flotability of cerusite is improved; A small quantity of sodium sulphide increased the flotability of cerusite and can decrease the dosage of ethyl xanthate; Using ethyl xanthate as collector and sodium sulphide as regulator, Ept (or Es) value, dosage of sodium sulphide and the flotation recovery are correlated well. Using laurylamine as collector, cerusite has nice flotability with and without sodium sulphide as regulator. 2-salicylhydroxamic acid,8-hydroxyquinoline and2-mercaptobenzothiazole can collect cerusite.Using ethyl xanthate, laurylamine,2-salicylhydroxamic acid,8-hydroxyquinoline and2-mercaptobenzothiazole respectively as collectors, the floatation of zinc oxysalt minerals was carried out. Using laurylamine as collector, zinc oxysalt minerals shows nice flotability with dosage of laurylamine of1.2×10-3mol/L without sodium sulphide; A small quantity of sodium sulphide has activation effect and can decrease the dosage of laurylamine; Laurylamine can collect both of cerusite and zinc oxysalt minerals, so the flotation separation of lead and zinc oxide ore is not possible using sodium sulphide-laurylamine as collector. Using laurylamine as collector and sodium sulphide as regulator, Ept (or Es) value, dosage of sodium sulphide and the flotation recovery are correlated well. Using ethyl xanthate as collector, ethyl xanthate can not collect zinc oxysalt minerals and has collecting selectivity to cerusite, so it is right to the flotation separation of lead and zinc oxide ore using sodium sulphide-ethyl xanthate as collector.2-salicylhydroxamic acid and8-hydroxyquinoline can collect zinc oxysalt minerals, whereas2-mercaptobenzothiazole show selectivity, so it is possible to use2-mercaptobenzothiazole as collector instead of sodium sulphide-laurylamine by the flotation separation of lead and zinc oxide ore.Based on the results of monominerals flotation, the flotation separation of three kinds of artificially-mixed minerals was carried out. The results show that when using ethyl xanthate or ethyl xanthate-BK809as a collector by the separation of artificially-mixed minerals of galena, sphalerite and pyrite, the separation efficiency E1is92.38%and82.06%respectively; When using sodium sulphide-ethyl xanthate or2-mercaptobenzothiazole as a collector by the separation of artificially-mixed minerals of cerusite and zinc oxysalt minerals, the separation efficiency E2is75.36%and68.54%respectively (E3is53.59%and54.78%respectively); When using ethyl xanthate or ethyl xanthate-BK809by the separation of artificially-mixed minerals of lead and zinc sulphide minerals-lead and zinc oxide minerals-pyrite, the separation efficiency E1is32.38%and32.09%respectively. The optimal separation results obtained confirmed the results of monomineral flotation.Various methods of analysis, such as XPS, XRD, SEM, ζ potential and adsorption capacity measurement, were applied to analyse the interaction mechanisms of sodium sulphide on the flotation of cerusite and zinc oxysalt minerals. The results show that the mechanisms are different:reacting with sodium sulphide, there is galena film forming on the cerusite’s surface, so it increases the adsorption of ethyl xanthate on cerusite and the flotability of cerusite is improved; There is no sphalerite film forming on the zinc oxysalt minerals’s surface, but sodium sulphide increases electronegativity and the adsorption of laurylamine on zinc oxysalt minerals, the flotability is improved.The result of FTIR analysis shows that2-mercaptobenzothiazole reacts with cerusite, forming chelate compound, however there is no chemiadsorption and chemical reaction of2-mercaptobenzothiazole with zinc oxysalt minerals, so it indicates that2-mercaptobenzothiazole has selectivity to cerusite. |
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