Theories And Applications Of Unified Grouting Model And Analysis In Hydraulic And Hydroelectric Projects

As an important method of reinforcing dam foundation, grouting can not onlyenhance the performance of foundation and improve its integrity, but also effectivelyreduce the permeability of dam foundation, which is a significant engineeringmeasure to solve the problems such as seepage stability of dam foundation, unevensettlement, deep sliding stability, etc. However, the current grouting engineering isfaced with some key issues, which include the difficulty in predicting geologicalconditions of grouting holes, hardness of controlling the grouting construction process,complexity of construction technology, how to timely as well as effectively arrangelarge quantities of grouting data and give comprehensive evaluation of the groutingresult, lack of integrated management platform and so on. How to solve theseproblems is a challenge to today’s grouting projects. This paper conducts a deep andsystematic analysis and study of problems mentioned above, and obtains theinnovative results as follows:(1) Putting forward mathematical model and the modeling theory andmethod of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering grouting unified modelConsidering the problem that grouting engineering has not adequate grasp of thegeological information of grouting holes and the phenomenon that the research resultsof current three-dimensional modeling cannot be well applied to practical groutingprojects, this paper proposes a mathematical model of grouting unified model with thecombination of the features of grouting engineering. According to the types of rawdata, which are required for various modeling methods, the paper also has an effectiveanalysis of data source, and finally realizes the effective resolution as well as spatialthree-dimensional coupling of diverse data sources. What’s more, based on what hasbeen mentioned above, multi-scale modeling theory and method of groutingengineering can be put forward, and large scale geological body model, musicalegrouting borehole model, small scale fracture model and grouting ancillary buildingmodel are respectively able to be established. Then through the coupling operator inthe mathematical model, the paper effectively expresses the three-dimensional spatialcoupling relations between various models, which provide indispensable theoreticalsupport for the establishment of analytical control method such as the prediction ofgrouting holes’ geological conditions based on grouting unified model. (2) Putting forward the study of data real-time acquisition of groutingconstruction and remote and real-time monitoring analysis method duringconstruction process in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineeringAiming at the difficulty in controlling construction process of practical groutingengineering, the limit that current real-time control method is only feasible inconstruction site, and the situation that present method is hard to satisfy the practicalengineering’s requirement for remote and real-time monitoring during constructionprocess, this paper establishes the method of grouting data real-time acquisition andintegration, grouting construction real-time monitoring and alarm method, and thegrouting data dynamic arrangement and analysis approach from angles of datacollection, monitoring and dynamic arrangement during grouting construction process.On this basis, what’s more, the paper has a further research of the forming technologyof monitoring network during the grouting construction process, web-based fileinterface uploading and unity plug-in technology, analytical method of grouting alarmtypes and judgment standard, grouting alarm analysis model, and the technology ofgrouting data dynamic arrangement and analysis. The realization of methodsmentioned above effectively helps grouting engineers monitor the whole groutingconstruction process remotely, obtain grouting abnormal alarm information, and alsotimely grasp grouting result data of every grouting unit, which ensures that the wholegrouting process is always under control.(3) The study of analysis method based on grouting unified model andreal-time monitoring technologySince grouting engineering is concealed underground work, it’s vital importanceto have accurate prediction of the geological conditions of grouting holes.Nevertheless, current analytical method only analyzes the holes’ geological conditionswith the combination of two-dimensional geological section, which influences theaccuracy of result analyzing. What’s more, present methods have not combined withreal-time grouting data for analysis, which also limits the application of these methodsin practical projects. Combining with grouting unified model and the real-timemonitoring technology, and through the coupling of grouting data, three-dimensionalgeological model and the model of grouting boreholes, this paper realizes theprediction of grouting holes’ geological conditions. On this basis, it also puts forwardthe forecast analysis method of complex geological information, control and analysismethod of rock uplift, grouting parameters visualization analysis method, the approach of rock groutability analysis, and the predictive analysis of a unit amount ofcement injection on the basis of genetically optimized neural network in groutingengineering. All these analytical methods can effectively reduce the blindness ofgrouting engineering’s understanding of geological conditions, decrease theoccurrence of uplift in the actual grouting project, and provide the grouting engineerwith necessary technical support for optimizing the arrangement of grouting boreholeand adjusting the borehole’s construction technology, thus guarantee the groutingquality of the whole grouting project.(4) The study of grouting effect evaluation model based on the fuzzycomprehensive evaluation methodCurrent effect evaluation method of curtain grouting in practical groutingengineering regards the permeable rate, which is obtained from the water pressure testof inspection borehole, as the only evaluation index for grouting effect. However, theexisting method cannot evaluate whether rock fractures have been filled effectivelyand the integrity of the rock mass has been improved through grouting, which willbring hidden risk of dam foundation’s seepage control problem after the dam beginsto store water.Therefore, this paper proposes the evaluation model for grouting qualityon the basis of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. This model simultaneouslyconsiders the comprehensive effect of three factors including the permeable rate ofwater pressure test, fracture’s filling rate with cement and rock’s RQD values, andestablishes grouting effect evaluation model based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluationmethod. Compared with the traditional single factor evaluation method of waterpressure test, this model established in the paper comprehensively reflects rock’spermeable rate after grouting, fracture’s cement filling condition and the integrity ofrock mass, which makes evaluation results more comprehensive and reasonable, andprovides more reliable basis for subsequent grouting construction.(5) Establishing hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering groutingconstruction real-time monitoring and grouting unified model analysis systemThe research in this paper is conducted under the situations as follows: groutingengineering lacks three-dimensional integrated management platform, which includesinformation of each stage; the existing system is mostly the analytical arrangementfrom the angle of two dimensions and its result is mainly information integration inthe grouting construction phase; there is few study on information systematicintegration of geological information, design information, checking information after grouting, material cancel after verification, etc. Considering the situations mentionedabove, this paper combines the needs of actual grouting engineering and theory andmethod of real-time monitoring as well as grouting unified model, and adoptsdatabase technology, computer graphics technology, object-oriented technology and3D visualization technology to independently establish hydraulic and hydroelectricengineering grouting construction real-time monitoring and grouting unified modelanalysis system. The system provides the project managers with control and analysisplatform for grouting different stages from the angle of three-dimensional.Taking a hydropower station locating in the downstream of Jinsha River, whichis in the southwest China, as a case study, the theory, method, technology and systemof the aforementioned research result are applied to practical engineering. Thepractice shows that the research of this paper effectively guarantees the quality andschedule of grouting engineering, and even plays a positive role in ensuring stableoperation of the whole project’s long-term seepage control.