The Influence Of Meteorological Factors Change On The Development Of Maize And Yield In Different Years

The experiment was did in Changtu jinjia town of North Liaonig province from2007to2011with Zhengdan958and Danyu39which widely popularizing and applicating in production as test materials.Disscuss the influence of meteorological factors change on maize yield.group structure and photosynthetic physiological characteristic in different years.Explore the main meteorological factors than effect on maize yield in Liaoning province,and give some reference for formulating cultivaton technical measures and selecting variety types.The results are as follow:1.The maize yield fluctuation in north Laioning was bigger.The variable coefficient was from22.56%to23.37%.among these,2008was the highest and2009was the lowest.The major limiting factor of maize yield fluctuation was precipitation,the second was sunshine hour.The accumulated temperature of this region may fully satisfy the need for maize growth and development.Yield component factors changed with years.The difference of spike number was lesser,because of consistent planting density(except2010),but the difference of kernels per spike and grain weight were larger.The response of kernels per spike to meteorological factors had a thick skin,while the influence of sunshine hour on grain weight was obvious.For the stability of yield in different years,the contribution rate of kernels per spike to Danyu39was larger,but the contribution rate of grain weight to Zhengdan958was larger.2.The change of meteorological factors had a significant influence on maize group structure in different years,and led to the change of suitable density and suitable density range,finally effect on yield.The time distribution of precipitation and precipitation time were the most important impact factor,and the second was sunshine hour.LAI was the most heavily affected,the next were successively stem diameter,LOV and plant height.The precipitation of the last ten-day in June had a significant impact on LAI; The sunshine hour of the first ten-day in July was closely related with LOV; The basic reason of plant height chang was precipitation at formative period of plant height.Plant height and stem diameter make a greater contribution to the yield of Danyu39; but for Zhengdan958, LAI and LOV emerged negative effect on yield,namely leaf uprush can not compensate the influence of LAI increasing,than made the group permeability worse.3.The photosynthetic physiological characteristic of group also had a significant influence on yield formation at postulation stage.The change of meteorological factors in different years effected on photosynthetic physical index obviously. Sunshine hour and intension were the most important factors,and second was temperature.Photosynthetic rate was the most heavily affected,the next successively were SPAD and light transmittance.The change of meteorological factors led to variation of photosynthate accumulatetion,than effected on yield formation. Sunshine hour at postulation period was the most important factor of effecting on photosynthetic rate.The temperature at postulation period mainly effected on SPAD content. Tthere was small correlation between light transmittance and environmental factors,but it was closely related with canopy structure parameter.The contribution of photosynthetic physical index to yield with different varieties was distinct.Under the circumstance of the same plant density,light transmittance was not the conclusive factor for yield.SPAD content made a siginificant contribution rate to the yield of Danyu39,and the second was photosynthetic rate. Photosynthetic rate was the leading factor for Zhengdan958yield.4.There were greater difference among meteorological factors at the same region in different years,and meteorological factors had a strong impact on maize yield.So,selecting variety according to circumstances was very important.The response of two varieties to meteorological factors was various in different years.The response of mid-late-maturing variety Zhengdan958on yield,panicle weight,plant height,LAI,LOV,SPAD and photosynthetic rate to meteorological factors was slow.However,late-maturing variety Danyu39had relatively sensitive response. The security and yield stability late-maturing variety were not as good as mid-late-maturing variety.Therefor,selecting extensive adaptability and not strongly reactive variety was beneficial to avoiding natural disaster.