Effect Of Meteorological Factors On Growth, Kernel Yield And Quality Of Maize At Cold Region

Environmental conditions, genotype and cultivation measures together determine the cropyield and quality. In order to investigated the effect of meteorological environment on growth,yield and quality of maize at cold region, one multi-site trials were carried out at Harbin, Qiqihar,Jiamusi and Daqing, Heilongjiang province. One sowing date trials and one water stress trials werecarried out at the experimental station of Northeast Agricultural University in2011-2012.According to the analysis of the obtained data and the meteorological information, the results areas follows1. Under theclimate environment of Heilongjiang province, temperature and precipitation hadgreat influence on the growth of maize. At mostly case, the two factors are positive correlationwith the leaf area, the plant height and the dry weight, while the effect of light on the corn growthwas of small. The effect of higher temperature on the dry matter accumulation was of positive atthe prophase, while it was negative at the anaphase. The effect of rainfall on the dry matter was ofgreatly at prophase, and become smaller at anaphase. In the middle and lately period, lack of watersignificantly reduced the plant height, leaf area and dry matter accumulation, while the effect ofmore rainfall was slightly negative.2. In15days before anthesis, the relationship of the kernel number per ear with temperaturefactors were significant or highly significant negative, and with precipitation was positively related,while with sunshine hour was negatively related. In15days after anthesis, the effects ofmeteorological factors on kernel number per ear were changing, but related degree was reduction.3. The mean filling rate and filling period were positively related with grain weight. In gradualincreasing period, the relationship between filling rate and grain weight was significant positivecorrelation, while the filling time and grain weight was significantly negative correlation. In therapid period, filling time was positively correlated with grain weight, while grain filling rate wasnegative related to it. In steady period, the correlation degree of that two factors to grain weightwas very low. The analysis of combination meteorological data show that the grain weight werenegatively related to temperature and precipitation, while with temperature and daily sunshinehours were significant positive correlation, and significantly positive correlation with the totalsunshine hours.4. Corn yield was closely related with meteorological environment, and increase of themeteorological factors of whole growth period could promote increased yield. Stepwise regressionanalysis showed that the size of the order of the effect on yield was light, precipitation, accumulated temperature.5. The content of starch was negatively correlated with the accumulated temperature,precipitation and sunshine hour of total growth period. The content of protein was positivelycorrelated with the accumulated temperature, while were significantly with precipitation andsunshine hour. Oil content was negatively related with all three factors.