Study On The Way Of Rice Straw Silage And Feeding Dairy Cattle In Cold Area

This study combined with the current situation of animal husbandry of Heilongjiang reclamation area and rice straw resources advantage, to solvethe cows feed demand, ease the contradiction of grain feed, research andinfluence on production performance of dairy cows in alpine areas suitable forrice straw silage in Heilongjiang reclamation area. Selecting fresh rice strawsilage as test materials, explore the effect of individual species and compound bacteria on fermentation quality of rice straw silage, and study the effects of rice straw silage on dairy digestibility and production performance, to provide theoretical support and technical basis in lactating dairy cattle feedingreasonable application in the process of rice straw silage. The main results of the study:(1) To study the different ways and different additives on silage fermentation quality and nutrition value of rice straw silage. Through different levels of silage and silage additive manner and interaction, analysis of the effect on thefermentation quality and nutrition value of rice straw silage. Ensiling way testwith Baled Silage, silage and a square bale storage bag three processing, additives have individual strain, compound bacteria and control group. Comprehensive evaluation results showed that rice straw, comprehensivescore between Baled Silage, silage and silage bags square bale stack storagethree ways is not significant; the difference of each processing the same silagemode is significant (P<0.05), adding compound lactic acid bacteria silage rice straw comprehensive score in 90.0-91.5, add single strain of rice strawcomprehensive score in 87.0-87.5, while in the control of 78.0-79.5.Nutritional quality analysis of different silage processing of rice stem dry matter content in 27.34%-31.75%; neutral detergent fiber content of dry matter accounted for 59.12%-61.66%. Acid detergent fiber accounted for 37.51%-42.05%dry matter content, crude protein content of dry matter accounted for 4.07%-5.60%. Silage rice straw stem soluble carbohydrate in different treatment substance content in 1.25%-2.21%, dry matter loss in the 4.14%-17.45%.(2) Of rice straw silage in nutrition, forage grading index (GI) and comparative study on production performance of dairy, were evaluated using the forage grading index of the nutritional value of rice straw silage and whole plant com silage, and the evaluation results of field experiments, effects of feeding rice straw silage production milk yield and milk composition of dairy cow. Forage grading index for evaluation of nutritive value of silage that rice silage, the value of GI is 0.53-0.66 Mcal/kg, corn silage GI value is 0.91 Mcal/kg, the nutritional value of rice straw silage can replace the nutritional value of cornsilage 58%-72%.There was no significant difference between the nutritional level of CK:CS 100%, A:CS 75%+ RS 25% and B: CS 50%+ RS 50% three kinds of diets for dairy cows to provide (P>0.05),NDF is about 383.44 g/kg, ADF 244.75 g/kg on average, the average CP of 136.11g/kg. Different feed processing offeeding dairy cows did not show significant difference between daily feedintake, average daily feed intake was 17.6 kg/d; different feed processing of milk production of dairy cows had no significant difference in milk yield.Feed processing differences between different components of milk was not significant (P>0.05) The average fat content was 39.37 g/kg, milk protein content in an average of 31.7 g/kg,46.1 g/kg on average milk lactose content,solids non fat content averaged 124.7g/kg.(3) Study of the different rice straw degradation in rumen and methane emissions additives, selection of good body condition fistulated cows, the nylon bag method, add a single strain of rice straw silage, adding composite strain of rice straw silage, compares it with rice straw silage without adding lactic acid bacteria. Results show that, with the time increasing, different additives of rice straw in the rumen degradation of acid detergent fiber of dry matter and crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, the rate is gradually increasing, in the 6 h-12h showed rapid growth,24 h-48 h growth rate,48 h-72 h degradation ratetends to be stable. Add a single strain, processing rice composite bacteria rod in the rumen degradability were higher than the control treatment P< 0.05);rumen degradability of 6 h-24 h in rice stem composite strain rates higher than the single strain processing, and the later stage (48 h-72 h) than single straintreatments, no significant difference.The results of determination of rumen environment showed differentprocessing, rice straw in the rumen pH value in 6.3-6.7, ammonia nitrogen concentration differences in feeding after 3H significantly, with composite strainrice straw>single species rice straw>CK; volatile fatty acid concentr ationdifferences among the different treatments was significantly (P<0.05), composite strain rice straw treatment than single strain straw processing>CK;a significant difference in 9h between each treatment of microbial protein content (P<0.05), single species rice straw>composite strain rice straw> ck..Different rice straw treatment for determination of cattle daily methane emissions in 164.50-261.47 L, the methane emissions to maintain the level ofunder 192.43-261.47 L/d, the level of production of methane emissions in 177.68-197.56 L/d; the results of determination of methane emissions show,at the maintenance level, the processing of rice stem of cattle daily averagemethane emissions order:treatment than single strain rice straw> composite strain rice rod control; in the production level, the processing of rice stem of cattle daily average methane emissions order:control processing< composite strain rice bar< single species rice straw. Silage rice adding lactic acid bacteria.