Study On Producing Innocuous Vegetable And Fruit With Methane Fermentative Residues

Since the 1970s', the production of the vegetable and fruit have been developed greatly in China. With the development of vegetable and fruit, there are many problems in the production of the vegetable and fruit, and we have relied on the fertilizer too much. The organic fertilizer is not used enough, nitrogenous (N) fertilizer is more used than the phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) fertilizer. These problems bave leaded to many sequent: The soil has been acidified and hardened, and organic matter has become less and less. The proportion of the soil nutrition has been maladjustive, and the plant diseases and insect pests have been increased, the yields of the farm produce are decreased, the qualities of the farm produce are worse, the agricultural environment has been destroyed. These will challenge the sustainable development of the agriculture. At the same time, after China joined the WTO, the plantation needs to export and breach the green fort, we need to find an innocuous and green approach to plant farm produce. The biogas fertilizer can solve these problems. So it is very important for developing innocuous and green agriculture with the biogas fertilizer.This paper was aimed at these problems which appeared in the planting of the vegetable and fruit, and combined the biogas ponds and the agricultural pattern of the south, emphasized the source of the fertilizer, probed into effect of the biogas fertilizer on vegetable (greengrocery) and fruits (peach and persimmon), and studied the effect of the biogas fertilizer on the soil fertility, soil enzyme, the quantity of microorganism and the yield, quality of the vegetable fruit. Furthermore the paper studied effect of soaking peanut seed with biogas liquid.The experimental results showed that the biogas fertilizer could improve the quality of the vegetable and fruits, reduce the content of the nocuous matter, the content of reductive sugar, total sugar, vitamin C of the peach in the merely biogas fertilizer groups were 93.2%, 76.97% and 91.02% higher than the control group (p<0.01). The content of such nutrients in the mixture group is 58.49%, 53.95% and 59.96% higher than the control group (P<0.01) .In the persimmon experiment, the contents of reductive sugar, total sugar, vitamin C of the biogas fertilizer group is 15.35%( p<0.05), 26.32%( P<0.05) and 36.10%( P<0.01) higher than the control group (P<0.01). Further more, the biogas fertilizer could decrease the content of insoluble compound, acidity and nitrate. The biogas fertilizer could also increase the content of soil fertility, such as soil organic matter, the total P, the total N, the available P, the available N of the orchard, and the fertility of the biogas fertilizer groups was the highest in all the groups. The content of the organic matter, the total P, the total N, the available P, the available N in the biogas fertilizer group are 130.84%, 94.81%, 85.71%, 67.19%, 91.48% higher than that in the control group. In the vegetable experiments, the contain of reductive sugar, total sugar, vitamin C of greengrocery in the biogas fertilizer groups were 63.96%, 42.55% and 58.30% higher than the control group. The acidity and nitrate of the greengrocery in the biogas fertilizer groups were decreased 15.52%, 13.93%. The biogas fertilizer could improve soil fertility, soil enzymes and soil microorganism quantity. The biogas fertilizer could increase the content of soilorganic matter, the available P, NH4+-N, and the available K remarkably, and could adjust pH value. It showed that biogas fertilizer could improve soil greatly. The biogas fertilizer could increase the activity of the soil urease, polyphenol oxidese, inorganic pyrophosphatase, invertase, phospholipase, which could enganced the mineralization of the crop nutriment, and increase the soil fertility. The biogas fertilizer could also increase the quantity of the microorganism such as bacteria, fungus, actinomyces and microzyme, and the microorganism diversity of the biogas fertilizer groups was higher than that of other groups. In the peanut soaking experiments, the low content of biogas liquid could stimulate the peanut to soak, and stimulate the activity of the lipase, amylase, and protease of seed.