The Diversity And Liquid Fermentation Technoloy Of Wild Morchella Spp. In Gannan Region Of Gansu Province

In this paper, the morphologic characteristic, microstructure characteristic and molecular phylogeny based on ITS sequences of 117 wild Morchella spp. from Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu province had been studied. The classification and phylogenetic position of Morchella spp. had been analyzed. In addition, the growth kinetics model of M.esculenta had been discussed with the methods of biology and statistics. The main results were summarized as follows:1、Morphologic observation of Morchella spp.(1) Initially, The collected 117 wild Morchella spp. from Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu province were classified 10 species according to morphologic characteristic. There were M.costata(Vent.) Pers., M.conica Pers., M.angusticeps Peek., M.deliciosa Fr., M.esculenta(L.)Pers., M.vulgaris(Pers.) Boud., M.rotunda(Fr.) Boud., M.crassipes(Vent.) Pers., M.umbrina Boud. & M.elata Fr. respectively.(2) The color of colony of Morchella spp., which was cultivated by single spore, was deepened gradually on composite PDA medium. The color change of mycelium were from colorless and transparent to faint yellow, and black brown in the end. The color of composite PDA medium were also changed black brown by secreteing pigment from mycelium of Morchella spp..(3)According to digital microscopic imaging. In the early stage, the mycelium color of Morchella spp. was colorless & transparent. In the mid stage, the mycelium color was yellow-brown & transparent, the surface of mycelium was smooth and showed ” bridging” and” bomboo”. The mycelium of Morchella spp. was interweaved by its branch. The shape of ascus was cylindric, which contained 8 spores usually. The shape of spores was elliptic, colorless and smooth. The paraphysis was slender, the top of it was slightly thicker.(4) The sclerotium color of Morchella spp. was earthy yellow or tawny, it is difficulty to identify any useful information of Morchella spp. from it only.2、Molecular biology of Morchella spp.(1)10 strains of Morchella spp.(GN-M1、GN-M2、GN-M3、 GN-M4、GN-M6、GN-M9、GN-M10、GN-M12、GN-M14、GN-M22)which had been identified by morphologic characteristic and 6 strains of Morchella spp.(GN-M17、GN-M19、GN-M25、GN-M27、GN-M31、GN-M32)which had not been identified were researched based on ITS sequences. The result showed that 16 strains of Morchella spp. were classified 5 species. There were M.angusticeps(GN-M1、GN-M2、GN-M6、GN-M10), M.esculenta(GN-M3、GN-M4、 GN-M9、GN-M12), M.elata(GN-M14、GN-M22、 GN-M17、GN-M19), M.crapssipes(GN-M25、GN-M31), M.conica(GN-M27、GN-M32),which were respectively belonged to yellow morels group and black morel group.(2)According to the molecular phylogenetic trees which were constructed by MP & NJ. Two topological structures were basic resemblance. The Bootstrap system had a high approval rating, which explained that the system relationship had a high credibility, and also indicated that this study have provided relatively accurate molecular properties of Morchella spp. in this region.3、Growth kinetics of M.esculentaThe growth process of M.esculenta were fitted by Monod model, Logistic model & 1st Opt(First Optimization). Through analysis & comparison, Logistic model and 1st Opt(First Optimization)were finally chosen for submerged fermentation model of M.esculenta. The Modalities as follow:...