Pathogens Identification Of Important Nematode Diseases Of Banana In Fujian Province, China

A systematic survey of nematode diseases on banana was conducted and the pathogens were identified in Fujian province in 2011 to 2015. The results showed banana nematode disease were searious and widespread in Fujian. The main nemtode diseases were banana root-lesion nematode disease, banana root-knot nematode disease and banana reniform nematode disease. The main findings of this study are as follows:1. Banana root-lesion nematode disease was firstly record in Fujian, and the symptoms of the disease were described in detail in the artical. The pathogens of banana root-lesion nematode disease were identified as Pratylenchus speijeri and P. coffeae by morphological and molecular biological methods in which P. speijeri was firstly record in Fujian province.The distribution of P. speijeri and P. coffeae parasitizing banana in Fujian province showed significant characteristics by geography and host. P. speijeri was the dominant species and its main host was banana distributing in Zhangzhou, Fuzhou, Quanzhou, Putian, Longyan and Sanming region. All of the root-lesion nematode populations from Zhangzhou region, one of the main producing areas of banana in china, were P. speijeri. P. coffeae distributed in Northwest Fujian and its main host was plantain. No P. coffeae was detected from Zhangzhou.Test of pathogenicity showed that both of P. speijeri and P. coffeae could infect banana root, but the pathogenicity of P. speijeri is obvious stronger than P. coffeae.2. Based on morphological and molecular biological methods, the pathogens of banana root-knot nematode disease were identified as 5 species, M. incognita, M. javanica, M. arenaria, M. graminicola and M. enterolobii. M. arenaria was a dominant species. Inoculation test confirmed that M. graminicola and M. enterolobi which were the new pathogen for banana root-knot disease had extremely pathogenic to banana. M. graminicola and M. enterolobii were firstly reported infecting banana.Survey results showed that the banana seedlings, sprout and adult banana plants in field were seriously infected by root-knot nematodes. The isolate rate of root-knot nematode in banana seedlings (76.9%) was higher than in field, which showed infected banana seedlings was an important source for spreading of root-knot nematode disease. The difference of morphological characterisitics and the morphology of root knot between five species were compared in the paper.3. It was a new discovery that banana seedlings could be infested by reniform nematode. After observation by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope and detection by molecular biological method, the species of pathogen was identified as Rotylenchulus reniformis.