| In recent years, due to the changing agricultural production policy, land use patterns, cropping and fertilization systems, especially the excessive reliance on chemical fertilizer in agricultural production,ignoring the organic fertilizer applied, resulting in a decline in soil duality,soil fertility degradation,soil harden and soil environmental pollution,quality of agricultural products and production decline and other issues, a direct threat to the sustainable development of agriculture, food safety and the environment. Domestic and international studies have shown that a proper combination of organic manure and fertilizer application to improve the soil environment, improve the utilization of fertilizers, to achieve organic fertilizer resources and reduce input costs, increase yield and quality of crops. The characteristics and potential of soil carbon sequestration under different cropping patterns are not the same, in particular performance and characteristics of humus in soil organic carbon. Therefore,this study adopted potted plant experiment and indoor analysis,elements analysis,infrared spectrum analysis(IR),nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR) analysis methods, etc. and systematically studied the soil in the use of different soil effect difference law of cow dung organic fertilizer and discusses the laws of different soil organic fertilizer manure fertilize the soil for planting vegetables in soil and soybean cropping. It provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the realization of cow dung resources, improve soil quality planting soil and soybean cropping vegetables, increase vegetable and crop production mode. The study of grubs process compared with bio-composting and natural decaying process discovered the characteristics of temperature,p H,C/N,and humus changing. The soil fertility of cow dung of different treatments was analyzed to prove the differences of different treatments on soil physical and chemical properties and humus. The analysis of soil adsorption-desorption,humus elemental composition and humus structural characteristics showed that the effects of different treatments on soil physical and chemical properties were different on different crops,that might be explained there was stimulatory effects of different crops. The main research results and conclusions are as follows:1.In the process of decomposed and grubs treated manure, NH4+-N content decreased after an initial increase while NO3--N levels were increased. A significant increase in the degree of condensation and aromatization degree of humic acid. The NO3--N content increase of decomposed manure treatment was obviously higher than fresh cow dung and vaccination grubs’ treatment. cattle manure and grub of cattle manure can significantly enhance the role of soil aggregates,it is helpful to improve macro-aggregate content that the particle size range of 0.25-10 mm, meanwhile,aggregate mean weight diameter were significantly lower, which enhance soil organic matter and excluding phosphorus nutrients. Decomposed and grubs treated manure into the soil significantly reduce CO2 cumulative release. NH3 emission of adding different soil manure increased first and then decreased.2.Application of manure have different effects on different binding humus content of the soil. Pine knot humus and stable humus knot are were significantly higher,but links humus showed exactly the opposite. Decomposed and grubs manure treatment contributed to a certain increase degree of humic acid in soil humus. Which also could significantly increase the number of soil enzyme activities and bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes.Different planting patterns had no effect on soil microbial community.3.Adsorption characteristics of water-soluble organic compounds in cattle manures improving vegetable and soybean continuous cropping soil has the best result by Freundlich equation fitting and desorption isotherms are suitable for the Langmuir model. Adsorption strength of vegetable planting soil for humic acid slightly higher than soybean cropping soil, while soybean cropping soil adsorption capacity is higher than that of humic acid soil planting vegetables.Vegetable planting soil and soybean cropping soil adsorption process for humic acid and desorption processes best suited to Temkin equation and adsorption kinetics equation comply Elovich equation. The adsorption strength and capacity of soybean continuous cropping soil for dissolved organic matter was stronger than that of planting vegetables soil.4.Aromatic carbon and the degree of aromatization in HA derived from planting soil increase while degree of aromatization FA decreased. In fresh manure processing, alkyl component, carboxylic acid compounds and aromatic compounds of humic acid and acid compounds and amides of fulvic acid increase significantly. grubs manure treatment significantly increased the carbohydrates or humic acid sugars, decomposing manure treatment have the same effect on the fulvic acid alkyl component and the carbohydrate component. In soybean cropping soil, fresh cow dung treatment have a significant increase in the soil humic acid and fulvic acid carboxylic acid compound, decomposing manure treatment apparently increased the content of the soil fulvic acid alkyl component and a carbohydrate component grubs manure treatment obviously increased the soil humic acid carbohydrates or sugars. |
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