Effects Of Cattle Manures Fertilizing On Lolium Multiflorum Growth And Soil Biological Characteristics

Effects of fertilizer amount on Lolium multiflorum cv. Tetragold growth and soil biological characteristics were evaluated through a field trail in 2015, to explore the economical fertilization of Lolium multiflorum in Changchun black soil region. The experiment included 4treatments under different nitrogen(N) levels(0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 kg/hm2) with 3replicates. The results are summarized as the following:1.Fertilizer amount had significant influence on yield, total N content, N stock and N use efficiency of L. multiflorum(P<0.01)。In the flowering stage, total N content, N stock of L.multiflorum were proportional to fertilizer amount; N use efficiency of L. multiflorum was inversely proportional to fertilizer amount. Cattle manures increased yield of L. multiflorum,until fertilizer amount reached 300 kg/hm2. The highest yield, total N content, N stock of L.multiflorum were 74.34 %(M5), 13.88 %(M6), 84.06 %(M6) higher than CK respectively. There were no significant influence on plant growth characteristics of L. multiflorum, when fertilizer amount reached 200 kg/hm2.2.Fertilizer amount had significant influence on bulk density, porosity and total N content of soil(P<0.01)。In the flowering stage, total N content of soil was proportional to fertilizer amount. Bulk density of soil was inversely proportional to urea fertilizer amount; proportional to cattle manures fertilizer amount. Porosity of soil was proportional to urea fertilizer amount;inversely proportional to cattle manures fertilizer amount. The best bulk density, porosity and total N content of soil were 0.24 g/cm2(M1), 11.22 %(M1), 0.55 g/kg(M6) higher than CK respectively. There were no significant influence on total N content of soil, when fertilizer amount reached 200 kg/hm2.3.Fertilizer amount had significant influence on enzyme activity, microbial respiration and microbial number of soil(P<0.01)。In the flowering stage, bacteria, fungus, actinomycete of soil were proportional to fertilizer amount. Cattle manures increased microbial respiration, catalase,proteinase, urease of soil, when fertilizer amount reached 250 kg/hm2, catalase and proteinase showed decreasing trends; when fertilizer amount reached 300 kg/hm2, microbial respiration and urease showed decreasing trends. The best catalase, proteinase, urease, microbial respiration,bacteria, fungus, actinomycete of soil were 40.40 %(M4), 18.03 %(M4), 43.93 %(M5),70.23 %(M5), 15.18 105CFU/g(M6), 5.88 105CFU/g(M6), 3.08 105CFU/g(M6) higher than CK respectively. There were no significant influence on enzyme activity, microbial respiration and microbial number of soil, when fertilizer amount reached 250 kg/hm2.4.In the flowering stage, there were significant positive correlation between total N contentof soil and yield, total N content, N stock of L. multiflorum(P < 0.01). The correlation coefficients(R) were 0.89, 0.95, 0.93.There were significant positive correlation between biological characteristics of soil and yield, total N content, N stock of L. multiflorum(P<0.01).There were significant positive correlation between total N content of soil and biological characteristics of soil(P<0.01). Between total N content of soil and Fungus was strongest, R was 0.95.In general, the economical fertilizer amount of cattle manures for L. multiflorum in Changchun black soil region was 48~60 t/hm2(N 200~250 kg/hm2), not only could satisfy the high quality and high yield cultivation of L. multiflorum, but also could maintain the sustainable development of soil...