| Prescription is a recipe which is composed of single herb or several drugs. According to statistics, approximate200,000named or unnamed prescriptions are recorded by all kinds of more than2000ancient medical books, in the form of natural language in the ancient texts.Knowledge representation refers to associating the knowledge factors with knowledge in knowledge objects, which can make it easy for people to identify and understand. Knowledge representation is the prerequisite and basis of knowledge organization, and any knowledge organization method needs to establish on the basis of knowledge representation. Knowledge representation research is a description of knowledge, or we can say that it is a set of conventions used to describe the knowledge of data structures that a computer can accept.Knowledge recorded in natural texts are formed by multiple concepts and a certain relationship. Scholars comprehend the literature by analyzing and understanding of a group of words, and then get a complete concept. Single word in literature often can not express a complete concept, and a group of interrelated words can form a complete concept, we call the linguistic phenomenon element knowledge. So many prescription knowledge are recorded in ancient medical books, traditional means of ancient books, as well as access to get knowledge has been far from satisfying the needs of accelerated development of TCM. Since the end of20th century, modern information technology was headed by computer and internet has been rapidly developing, which gives birth to the ancient Chinese medicine digital booming. Prescription knowledge contains the regularity of TCM, moreover, because of its strong knowledge structure, it becomes a hot topic in medical data mining research.From a standpoint of literature study and ancient books collation, Prof. Liu Changhua, creatively put up a new theory to guide intensive development of ancient books, knowledge representation method of TCM ancient books on the basis of element knowledge in computer language. The theory makes the knowledge of ancient Chinese medicine management from indirect level deep into direct level.Studying on element knowledge of prescription in TCM as the core, we try to extract and index knowledge from ancient literature, and the structure organization system from the body of knowledge as a unit; through indexing of relations between semantic composition, we try to associated from TCM prescription knowledge semantic network. Then we can build a element knowledge as the core knowledge representation system, and try to express by means of application of formal expression. The main contents include:Firstly, through the study of more than30ancient literature which contain prescription knowledge of all kinds of style, on the basis of the analysis of prescription knowledge characteristics, the body of prescription knowledge and the various forms of element knowledge existing in ancient text were researched systematically.Secondly, reference to the prescription semantic metadata specification of the ancient Chinese medicine books, define the connotation and extension which the conception of prescription element refers to. By defining prescription body of knowledge and knowledge structure, providing an objective basis for the body of knowledge, element knowledge extraction and indexing.Thirdly, to extract the typical prescription body of knowledge and element knowledge from ancient literature, to divide the logical unity data into the knowledge of independent management unit in the natural text, and structure knowledge organization system of the unit from the body of knowledge, and make it as the material of knowledge semantic network.Fourthly, the four elements of the element knowledge-the semantic component, to summarize, classify, clarify a variety of semantic types, in order to standardize all kinds of concepts in the field of TCM prescriptions. Reasonable semantic component classification, can be efficient, simple, understandable, low ambiguity formal expression laid an important foundation.Fifthly, through the study of the relationship between various concepts of the prescriptions knowledge, define every kinds of semantic relations, abstract the prescriptions knowledge in the ancient books for the proposition form of presentation, and design and define a variety of calculating and inference rules.Sixthly, to establish the symbols for the fields of Chinese medicine prescription knowledge, to name the body of knowledge, element knowledge, semantic types and semantic relations; to establish the rules of symbolic computation system for TCM prescriptions areas of knowledge and symbolic reasoning system of rules, establishment for symbols system is the tool to achieve how to express the knowledge presentation system.Seventhly, classify a variety of semantic relations of ancient Chinese medicine prescription knowledge in every field respectively, included in the associated object and associated with the meaning of the two classification system. Make a comparative study in order to further the precise definition of the semantic types and semantic relations. And verify and correct its symbol naming convention in order to design the most reasonable and moderate symbolic expression.Eighthly, use the system above which is built based on element knowledge of prescription knowledge in ancient TCM books for analyzing the prescription knowledge. By drawing body knowledge and element knowledge from the ancient representative literature, indexing them and demonstrating analytical methods and steps of the prescription knowledge. At last, verifying the knowledge representation system of rationality and validity.The objective of this study is to build a system based on the element knowledge in ancient Chinese medicine prescription knowledge, in order to find the way of the descriptive raw information turning into accurate meaning, reasonable structure of scientific data. |
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