| The temporomandibular joint is one of the diarthrodial synovial joint in human body. The synovial joints allow various degree of relative motion of the bones produced by surrounding muscle force. The synovial membrane covers all the intra-articular structures except the articular cartilage of the eminence and fossa, the mandibular condyle, and the articular disc. The joint cavity is filled with a small amount of synovial fluid.synovial fluid that covers the internal surfaces of joint, is an ultrafiltrate of blood with additives produced by synovium, which has a number of biological roles. Synovial fluid contributes to the lubrication and protection of articular cartilage surfaces. To date our understanding of diarthrodial joint lubrication is based on knowledge of the structural and deformational characteristics of articular, the biochemical and biotheological properties of synovial fluid, the topological design and microscopic roughness of the articulating surfaces of the joint.The function of type B synovial cells is mainly to secrete the most active components of SF such as hyaluronan (HA) and lubricin. HA is an important synovial fluid constituent that traps a large amount of water and provides high viscosity and elasticity for synovial fluid. HA is generally of very high molecular mass but can exist as small fragments or oligosaccharides, which have a vast arry of properties.lubricin is another abundant synoviocyte-derived component of synovial fluid, and it is a mucinous glycoprotein with globular amino-and carboxyl-terminal domains. lubricin provides boundary lubrication of articular surfaces under high contract pressure and quite low sliding speed. In actue injury, lubricin content decreased in synovial fluid, which cause decrease chondroprotection and aggravate potential wear-induced cartilage degradation.There were three mechanism involved in temporomandibular disorders. There are direct mechanical injury; hypoxia-reperfusion injury and neurogenic inflammation. The present study was undertaken to measure the boundary lubrication ability of synovial fluid from patients with different stages of temporomandibular disorders. To further investigate the change of components of synovial fluids. Purpose:To study diagnostic classification of the present clinic condition of temporomandibular disorders.Methods and materials:The totle sample was 292 cases, which were selected from 2007.12 to 2008.12 and had clincal records, plain radiographs and arthrographs. We analysed them and reclassified them according to the diagnostic classification.Results:Within clinical records, the prevalence of internal derangement was 22%(89 cases)(including 36 cases of displaced disc with reduction and 47cases of displaced disc without reduction), masticatory muscle disorders 22%(65 cases), inflammatory disorders 27%(79 cases) and osteoarthritis 50%(including 26 cases of disc perforation).Conclusion:It is essential to provide suitable treatment protocols before correct diagnostic classification for temporomandibular disorders patients.Purpose:This study was conducted to measure the boundary-lubricating ability and lubricin concentration of synovial fluids (SF) from patients with different stages of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and establish relationships between them.Patients and methods:According to the imaging and clinical findings, TMD patients were divided into 3 subgroups:displaced disc with reduction (DDR), disc without reduction (DDNR) and osteoarthritis (OA). The boundary-lubricating ability of SF was determined by the coefficient of friction (COF,μ) of SF in vitro using a friction apparatus. The lubricin concentrations were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results:The coefficient of friction of SF in TMD patients was significantly higher than that of healthy controls, but no observed difference was found among patients’ subgroups. Furthermore, a significant decline in the lubricin concentratioins was found in the group of OA, while there was no significant change in other groups. However, the significant correlation was not found between the coefficient of friction and the lubricin concentrations in our study. Conclusions:These findings demonstrated the distinct changes of lubricin and boundary-lubricating ability in the SF occurred with different stages of TMD.Objective:To examine the retention time of hyaluronan in synovial fluid of Tempormandiluar Joint disease.Methods The retention time of four kinds synovial fluid(volunteer,Disk Displacement with reduction, Disk Displacement without reduction and disc perforation) were detected by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Methods and materials:Compared to average retention time of hyaluronan in volunteer, there is no difference between Disk Displacement with reduction(DDR) group and Disk Displacement without reduction(DDNR) group (P>0.05). while that of HA in disc perforation is significant different from control, DDR and DDNR group (P<0.05).Conclusion:The alteration of retention time of hyaluronan reflected the disease of Tempormandiluar Joint, and the molecular mass of it is correlated with stage of disease.Objective:To measure and asses the molecular mass and concentration of hyaluronan secreted by synovial fibroblast of temporomanbular joint.Methods and materials:Synovial membrane speciments obtained from patients with condylar hypertrophy were primarily cultured by tissue explants. Living cell configuration was observed. The molecular mass and concentration of synovial fibroblast culture medium was measured by HPLC and radio-immunity assay.Results:The retention time of supernatant of cell culture is 5.869 min, while the retention time of normal synovial fluid is 5.868 min. The retention time of 1500 KDa and 1000 KDa standard hyaluronan were 6.123 min and 6.295 min The both of molecular mass were above 1500 KDa. Hyaluronan concentration of synovial fibroblast culture is 6.0,ug/ml, while that concentration of periodontal membrane fibroblast is 1.1μg/ml.Conclusion:Synovial fibroblast in vitro can secreted high molecular mass and concentration hyaluronan, which endure synovial fluid with viscoelastic and non-newton fluid properties that protect cartilage from friction. |
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