| At present, linguists of the Chinese language study modern Chinese phoneticsmainly by means of the references like Guangyun, Jiyun, Zhongyuan Yinyun and etc.Because Chinese character is not a phonography system, the job of reconstructing thephonemes of that time has been done through historical comparative analysis which hascertain limitations. As phonetic character, ancient Korean has very strong function ofphonetic transcription, through the research of phonology, dictionaries and Chineselanguage textbooks in Han Dynasty, which had been kept from Korean times, thephonetic system of sound category and phonetic value would be accessible. Among thosereferences on phone studies, considerable attention has been paid to the series oftextbooks—Laoqida and Piaotongshi (in short, the two series have been called YanyiLaopiao) which are provided with the phonetic notation of ancient Korean and thecorresponding annotations. As corpus, because of their remarkable features such asaccurate phonetic transcription, good cohesion, colloquial style and the annotations ofancient Korean, Laopiao provides valuable data for studying modern Chinese language.The current research on Yany Laopiao has mainly centered on written paper work.Because Yany Laopiao has gone through three hundred years, the corresponding Chinesecharacters, phonetic notation, tones and punctuations and annotations of ancient Koreanhave changed a lot following the change of Chinese characters at that time. As a result, itis much difficult to conduct an all-level comprehensive diachronic comparison. Therefore,much research work has been focusing on certain edition during certain period. A moreeasier, convenient and effective corpus which is based on Yany Laopiao which coversChinese characters, phonetic notation of ancient Korean, tones and punctuations,sentences and annotations of ancient Korean is greatly needed for the comprehensivestudy of modern Chinese language from16thcentury to18thcentury in terms of itsphonetics, tones, word entries, grammar and even the development of the coexistentKorean language.Therefore, with the help of computer technology, the author makes Yany Laopiao digitized (including its four series, altogether seven books with755,000characters),build up a complete corpus according to different styles and functions, correspondingwith the corpus from Guangyun. The designed corpus can be used to extract Chinesecharacters, pronunciation of ancient Korean on left and right sides, transcription ofinternational phonetic alphabets, fanqie of rhyme books, phonology position, tones andpunctuations, sentences and annotations of ancient Korean. By means of this corpus, theanalysis and research on the phonetic system of modern Chinese and Korean will beaccessible through historical comparison and diachronic study. Due to space and timelimitation, this dissertation concentrates on detailed comparative analysis of the InitialConsonant System (on both left and right sides written in ancient Korean) which ischosen from the two books—Fanyi Laoqida and Fanyi piaotongshi (in short, the twoseries have been called Fanyi Laopiao). Based on the result of the phonetic phenomenon,further discussion on initial consonant system of modern Chinese characters reflectedfrom the two books—Fanyi Laopiao will be carried on. The conclusions are drawn asfollows.1. The Initial Consonant System on Left SideThere’re altogether31initial consonants which basically maintain the mark of“voiced”. There is palatalization which has been derived from this group of “ts, tsh, s,kh”.2. The Initial Consonant System on Right SideThere’re altogether22initial consonants, among which11voiced initial consonantsare all devoiced. Most groups of “Jing(精)，Qing(清)，Xin(心)” have “palatalization”; thegroup of “Jian(见), Xi(溪), Xiao(晓)” has palatalized phonetic change which appearquite late.The major features of the initial consonant system in Chinese language in16thcentury are devoiced voiced consonants, no difference in left and right legs, partialpalatalized phonetics.Some achievements and contributions have been made in this dissertation.1) There are large numbers of Yanyi Laopiao. As for the previous research,attention has been paid to the written work of paper paintings which brings about some limitations. The author of this dissertation makes full use of computer technology andbuilds up the very first corpus which is based on Yanyi Laopiao.2) It is the first time to collate Chinese characters in Yanyi Laopiao. A solidfoundation has been laid, not just for this research, but also for the benefit of furtherstudy on other entries and grammar with very important reference value.3) The first successful docking of corpus of Yanyi Laopiao with the corpus ofGuangyun.4) This attempt is quite an exhaustive study on phonetic notation of initialconsonants, international phonetic alphabets, phonology position and its occurrencenumber in Fanyi laopiao and the origin of every initial consonant has been traced.5) A very comprehensive study of the reasons for such phenomenon in phoneticnotation of initial consonants of the book—Yanyi laopiao.6) It is the very first time to collate more than40Chinese characters with thephonetic notation of ancient Korean which are absent in Guangyun and Jiyun. By theway of original examples, phonetic notation of ancient Korean, international alphabets,annotations of ancient Korean and ancient Korean translation, phonetics and theirmeanings have been fully presented.This paper has been divided into eight chapters, with around90,000characters.The first chapter is Introduction part, which is about the source and value of thisresearch, including literature review, methods being used and innovations in this paper.The second chapter gives a brief introduction of Yanyi Laopiao which has been discussedfrom the perspectives of the circulation age, compilers, style, circulation and editions.The third chapter introduces the foundation of the corpus of Yanyi Laopiao, briefing thetreatment of electronic text of Laopiao, designing of the corpus, establishment of itssearch system and the transcription system of international alphabets. Chapter4presentsthe system of initial consonants on left sides in Fanyi Laopiao. There are31initialconsonants on left sides. According to Chinese characters, phonetic notations in ancientKorean, transcription of international alphabets and etc, the detailed information of everyinitial consonant has been exemplified. Chapter5probes into the system of initialconsonants on right sides in Fanyi Laopiao. In accordance with the middle-aged initial consonants corresponding with the thirty-one initial consonants on right sides, theelaborate information of every initial consonant has been shown to summarize the factthat initial consonants on right sides have been simplified into22. Their maincharacteristics are “devoiced voiced sounds”. Chapter6discusses late-appearing wordsin Fanyi laopiao and also recommends other late-appearing words which have not beenincluded in Guangyun, Jiyun and other rhyme books and dictionaries. Chapter7exploresthe system of initial consonants which is reflected from Fanyi laopiao. Chapter8is theconclusion part which summarizes the research result of this paper and points out thepossibilities for further improvement. |
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