The Study Of The Thought Of ZhuXi’s"Academic Of Four Books"

Studying ZhuXi’s "Academic of Four Books" is helpful to absorb the existing theory ofFour Books and comprehensively understand the Confucianism Cultivate Way of ZhuXi,which takes the inner moral accomplishment and external WangDao governance as the corevalue.Also, it is useful to know the forming process of ZhuXi’s Neo-Confucianism thought bydescribing the development of ZhuXi’s "Academic of Four Books".ZhuXi’s "Academic of Four Books" is an interpretation of human being,which is based onthe Confucianism classics.The purpose is to investigate the cause of human being, the reasonswhy does human being do and what to do.The author thinks that ZhuXi’s "Academic of FourBooks" is a combination of The Science of man,Political science and Ethics.The developmentof ZhuXi’s philosophical thought began from his childhood.The exploration ofNeo-Confucianism is stemmed from "the study for oneself",which is the spirit ofConfucianism.At the same time,"the study for oneself" is connected with the peace of theworld.Therefore, the moral motivation and moral reasoning as a way keeps peace of the worldat Song dynasty. ZhuXi had absorbed Confucianism knowledge in many aspects in order toseek the internal sage and external king in whole life. How to find the path which can lead tothe Sage study? How to get the appropriate training method for Confucianism? How to seekthe internal sage and external king? These are the root and the core content and the worth ofthe thought of ZhuXi’s "Academic of Four Books".ZhuXi’s "Academic Four Books" covers the philosophy, classics, literature, sociology andmany other fields, involving a very wide field, and has enormous social impact. Due to shorttime, it is difficult to launch a comprehensive and in-depth study on ZhuXi’s "Academic FourBooks".The paper mainly interprets the thought of Zhu Xi’s "Academic Four Books" from theperspective of the Confucian cultivation and the theory of the internal sage and external king.The article has four parts to explain the process and thought of ZhuXi’s "Academic of FourBooks".First, the author describes the era background which produced ZhuXi’s "Academic ofFour Books".Secondly, the author discusses the exploration of "the study for oneself" to "Academic of Four Books" and how the classics texts were established.Then, the authorsummarizes the structure of the system of Neo-Confucianism which is "the internal sage andexternal king" for ZhuXi’s "Academic of Four Books". At last, the dissertation analyses theinheritance and the value for ZhuXi’s "Academic of Four Books".In the first part, the author describes the era background which produced ZhuXi’s"Academic of Four Books" to make a historic description. The paper discusses the rise of"Universal obligation" and "asking principle" which is domestic strife and foreign aggressionat Song Dynasty. Author also introduces how Five norms were shifted to Four Books. In thesecond part, which is divided two chapters——One is the exploration of "the study foroneself" to "Academic of Four Books" and the other is the establishment of classics text. First,the author records that ZhuXi how to study "the study for oneself" further and how to choosethe road to seek how to become sage and men of virtue upon the study of "the study foroneself" by the education of three teachers. As for the text of "Academic of Four Books",ZhuXi made it clear one by one. It had experienced a repeating process by the completion tothe modification, which was same as the process of the other classic books, like<LunYuYaoyi>,<MengZiJiJie>,<LunMengJiZhu>,<ZhongYongJiShuo>,<DaXueHuoWen>,<ZhongYongHuoWen>,<ZhongYongJiLue>, and so on. This is an important process in thegrowth of ZhuXi’s "Academic of Four Books", especially for the Great Learning, whichZhuXi wrote a supplement and made a text summarize for the training of Confucianism andthey were more important.On this point, the author makes a report in detail in the article. Thecore of the article is the structure of the internal sage and external king for the system ofNeo-Confucianism.It also has three points.They are the four parts which are the chapters ofthe fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh in the article. These four chapters, respectively, discuss thetraining way for the becoming sage. It includes that a person must pay attention to investigatethings to extend knowledge, know the point of Mean in the view of Neo-Confucianism, andthe method for "sage within" in <The Analects of Confucius>,<Book of Master Meng>.In theseventh, author talks about Kingly Way how to govern the country. At last, it investigates theinheritance and value of ZhuXi’s "Academic of Four Books". It’s the heart of ZhuXi’s "Academic of Four Books" which established the moral standard,such as humanity, righteousness, propriety and wisdom with the superior "Way of Heaven".Besides, it describes that why and how to use the training way of moral and realization byheart to pursue Sage. At the real society which is dusky and full of material desires, ZhuXiemphasized the spirit of sage and virtue of men. He thought that <Great Learning> containsthe spirit of truth of Confucianism, and the training way of Sage. Upon of these, there is theway to cultivate oneself, regulate one’s family well, govern one’s state well, then bring peaceto the world. ZhuXi’s Academic of Four Books set up a philosophical ideology which is basedon the <Great Learning>,<Golden Mean>,<The Analects of Confuius>,<Book of MasterMeng>, and completed the reconstruction of the humanistic beliefs of Confucian at the Songdynasty. This is the meaning of ZhuXi’s Academic of Four Books. But we must say that theview of the internal sage and external king has some negative effects in history, and it was animportant reason which shackled the late feudal society of China since ZhuXi’s thoughtsturned into the official ideology.