| A conjunction is a kind of function words, which connected to two or more words,phrases, clauses, sentences, sentence group. The conjunctions only play a role ofconnection, indicating the specific syntactic relation and logical relation, can not be asentence elements or substantial structural part of that. Western Han Dynasty is aperiod of transition from ancient Chinese to Middle ancient Chinese, but also a periodlanguage evolved significantly. Historical Records, as the mature writings of writtenlanguage, to some extent, reflected the characteristics of the language in the WesternHan Dynasty. A large number of conjunctions, some inherited from pre-Qin, some ofnewly generated in Historical Records, such as polyphony progressive conjunction "且又","况乃","而况乎", sincere to polysyllabic hypothetical conjunctions,"诚使”,"诚令”and so on,which has great value to study the Western Han Dynasty and thepre-Qin language. The investigation of conjunctions in Historical Records not only hasimportant significance to the study of dating ancient Chinese, a certain extent, alsoplays a positive role in the study of Chinese history.In this thesis,"Historical Records", the object of study, was set as the main sourcecorpus, adding a small amount of the pre-Qin Chinese and Modern Chinese literature.Specific entry point in Conjunctions syntax as juxtaposition, Shun Cheng, select,progressive, purpose, concession, assumptions, reasons, results, turning, modification,filed12class of conjunctions, on the basis of the quantitative investigation andqualitative analysis, syntax characteristic of conjunctions was reviewed and describedand exhaustive study of all conjunctions in the "Historical Records" was carried out.And on this basis, the conjunctions diachronic investigation was done. Conjunctionsgrammaticalization process was summarized by combining co-depict and diachronicanalysis. The initial explore of evolution mechanisms and law of conjunctions and wasdone.This thesis is the first to relative comprehensive overview of conjunctions in"Historical Records", the explore conjunctions grammaticalization process andmotivation. It was found that the blur is the main source of conjunctions such as "与"，”及”,”而” and so on. In addition, once every synonymous and homonym guise are also important source of conjunctions.This paper is consisted of14parts:The first chapter is the Introduction, which summarized predecessors Yin focuson the definition of conjunctions and classification standards to determine thedefinition and classification of conjunctions in this article. In this division，definedstandard amount of conjunctions, prepositions and adverbs was talked about; thecorpus value and related research founds in Historical Records were summarized;determined the purpose purpose., the range of the theoretical basis and researchmethods of this study; classification of the conjunctions in Historical Records waslisted.Chapter2, coordinating conjunctions, summed up the basic situation of thecoordinating conjunctions study, enumerated the basic look of the coordinatingconjunctions in Historical Records.“与”,“及”,“而”,“以”,“且”,“有”,“若”are the maincoordinating conjunctions with higher frequency of occurrence. CoordinateConjunctions of “惟”,“暨”and“臮” are only one case respectively.“则”and “如”,two case respectively.“并”, two cases of suspected Coordinate Conjunctions.“又”, asa coordinate conjunction, matched with “既”, constituted thetformation of “既……又……”.“维”as a coordinate conjunction, constituted the formations of “非……维……”and“既……维……”.“亦”constituted the formations of “亦……亦……”. Inthis section usage of several main coordinating conjunctions and theirgrammaticalization process was done also.Chapter3, conjunctions, enumerated the papers with controversial “则”using assequential conjunctions. Twenty-nine sequential conjunctions presented in "HistoricalRecords". The most important of those are “而”,“以”,“若”,“如”,“则”,“而后”,“于是”,“遂”,“乃”,“乃遂”,“故”,“因”,“因而”,“然后”,“以至”,“以至于”,“已而”,“即”and“然则”. In addition, this section summarized the grammaticalization process of “于是”.Chapter4, the select conjunctions are mainly talked about in this section. In the"Historical Records", The select conjunctions of “若”,“如”,“抑”,“及”appeared twotimes respective.“意者”, two times also.“且” and “将”, one time each.“或” constructinto"或……或……", indicating select relation.“宁” conformed “宁……不……”,“宁……无……”,“与……宁……”,“宁……安……”,“与……宁……”,“与 其……宁……”,“与其……不如……”,“与其……岂若……”,also. The generatedreason of “与其” used as select conjunction was summed. On the side, the formation“X与不X” denoted choosing one by the opposite complementary relationship of thebefore and after item.“则” used as select conjunction constituted “非（不）……则……”, indicating “不是……就是……”.Chapter5, progressive conjunctions, Summarize the basic circumstances of theresearch on progressive conjunctions." Historical records " in the progressiveconjunctions in the " Historical records ", such as "而","况","且" with the othercomposition solidifies into two or three notes are more common,."而" progressive,forming class progressive conjunctions,"况" progressive conjunctions,"且"progressive conjunctions.Chapter6, Hypothetical conjunctions, monographs and papers on suppositivewere summarized and researched. In "Historical Records", main suppositive included“若”,“若……则……”,“如”,“有如”,“如有”,“如其”,“苟”,“即”,“诚”,“诚使”,“诚令”,“使”,“借（藉）使”,“向（乡）使”,“假使”,“设”,“假令”,“果”,“向令”,“弟令”,“如令”,“厥”,“若使”,“尚”,“忽然”. This chapter compared the number between PolyphonyThe contrast "Records of the Historian" polyphony suppositive of the "HistoricalRecords" and medieval that.Chapter7, concessions conjunctions, Study on induction of concessiveconjunction related papers.which used in "Historical Records" including“纵”,“即”,“虽”,“犹”,“尚犹”,“且犹” and so on. In general,, the usage of theconcessions conjunction in "Historical Records" is not very frequent, and a smallnumber presented.Chapter8, Disjunctive conjunctions, review of research papers of disjunctiveconjunction. the disjunctive conjunction of "Records of the Historian" was mainlyconsisted of “而”,“乃”,“然”,“然而”,“则”,“即”,“顾弟”. None of the words such as“抑”,“反”,“更”,“但”,“还”,“亦”,“兹” and so on in "Historical Records" used asdisjunctive conjunction.Chapter9, the reason conjunctions, Summary of basic research results causesconjunctions,the reason conjunctions in "Historical Records" such as“以”,“为”,“则”,“由”were summarized. The "historical records " reason and the other conjunctions literature for comparison, the conclusion of " with " is this period themain reason the conclusion.Chapter10, the resulting conjunctions, To summarize the results of the basicsituation. which presented in "Historical Records" was consisted of“而”,“则”,“以”,“是以”,“以故”,“以此”,“所以”,“故”,“是故”,“乃”,“用”,“用是”,“因”,“因而”,“由是”,“由此”,“是以”,“然则”. Can be classified as the type of "以","故","用","因"由". resulting conjunctions.Chapter11, Objective conjunctions， the purpose of conjunctions which are“而”and“以”in "Historical Records". The Use of “以” is absolute advantage.Chapter12, modified conjunctions, Proposed modification of conjunctions ofjudging standard.which can be divided into two categories: One is connected to twoverb phrases, another is connected to adverbial and centre word. The major modifiedconjunctions are “而”and“以”.Chapter13, filed conjunctions, which found in "Historical Records" was “若”,“且”,“至”,“至如”,“至于”,“至夫”.“若” can be used as “若夫”,“至若”,“若至”,“若乃”,“及若”."且","至" combined with other ingredients in the form of "且","至" polysyllabic mention conjunctions.Chapter14, additional discussion, On the " historical records " conjunctionsystem summed up the classification.By examining the "Historical Records" Conjunction system, the followingconclusions can be drawn:1.The Conjunction system in Chinese has basically come into being in theWestern Han Dynasty. From the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, the twelveconjunctions of coordinating conjunctions, sequential conjunctions chooseconjunctions, progressive conjunctions, hypothetical conjunctions, concessionsconjunctions, reason conjunctions, resulting conjunctions, the purpose of conjunctions,modified conjunctions, filed conjunctions have been generated. The usage has survivedinto modern Chinese.2. the Conjunction system in "Historical Records" was mainly monosyllabicconjunctions, polyphony conjunctions supplement. Monosyllabic conjunctionscoagulated into the disyllabic conjunction, which plus affixes constituted a three-syllable conjunction." Historical records " polysyllabic conjunctions occupy acertain proportion, quite a number of monosyllabic conjunctions.3.There are conjunctions concurrence. Some conjunctions possessed sixty-sevenkinds connectivity. For example:“而”can be used as a parallel, sequential, progressive,turning, resulting, purpose or modified conjunction;“以”can be used as a parallel,sequential, reason, purpose or modified conjunction;“若”can be used for parallel,sequential, select, assumptions, concessions or filed conjunction;“则” can be used as asequential, turning, reason or resulting conjunction. Excessive of concurrence lead thatthe understanding of conjunctions functions must rely on context. To solve theproblem of conjunctions concurrence, conjunctions were expanded from monosyllabicto disyllabic and trisyllabic, so the difference between functions.4.There are two cases of conjunctions pass fake phenomenon. Influenced by thepre-Qin pass fake phenomenon,“乡” and“向” in polyphony assumptions conjunctions“乡使”and“向使” respectively,“藉”and “借” in “藉使”and “借使” respectively werepass fakes.5.The most types of conjunctions have some relatively stable conjunctions, suchas the coordinating conjunctions “与”,“及”and“而”，the sequential conjunction “乃”,the select conjunction “或……或……”, the progressive conjunction “况”， thesuppositives “若”and “即”， the concessions conjunction “虽”,the turningconjunctions “而”and “然”, the purpose conjunction“以” and so on. |
PDF Full Text Request