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Narrative Form Of Ethical Implications

Posted on:2014-02-02Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:J H CaoFull Text:PDF
GTID:1225330398458779Subject:Chinese Modern and Contemporary Literature
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17years’ agricultural co-operative novel has strong political and ethical meanings thatappear in a specific historical period. the forcible reshaping to the civil moral and culturalvalues enforced by political ideology through the power discourse means the repression on theprivate ownership and patriarchal ethics existing in rural area for thousand years by the ethicalvalues of public ownership, and it makes the private ownership to be a illegal status. In fact,these two ethical values are both reasonable, but when the writer well versed in each other’ssuperiority and defects and must choosing one by visualized narrative, it will fall into anawkward situation. From the overview of17years’ co-operative novel, writers were generallystanding on the side of political ideology to criticize the anachronistic ethical values of thepeople, but in the relatively relaxed atmosphere of the literary creation, or in the situation of theextreme left ideology causing serious harm to the interests of the people, the writer will takeironic way, he will stand on the position of the civil to express fancifully heterogeneous ethicalvalues. The complexity of research object means that observation and analysis from the narrativeethical angle needs to draw from existing research to try to make the study more in line with thedefinition of the connotation and extension of the concept. Narrative Ethics in this paper mainlycontains three meanings: first, the kind of ethical values reflected in the description of theenvironment, characterization, the arrangement of the structure and the plot and rhetorical choice; second, an ethical demands showed in the writer motivation of his writing; third, ethicalawareness embodied in the choice of different narrative methods. all of them were integrated andunified in the ethical values under the performance of select meaningful forms, so in the specificinterpretation and analysis, we must consider the rich and various implication of ethical valuesand break the simple dichotomy of form and content or story and narrative which will arousemechanical practices of artificially fragmented overall subjects.As research methods, on the one hand, it focuses on the collection and reading of theliterature. Based on the existed reading experience, it takes literature-genesis as the mainmethod by a close reading to original journals such as "People’s Literature","Sparks","Harvest","Bee" in a literature chronological reading. On the other hand, in the analysis and explanation ofthe research object, it takes the narrative ethics as an entry point, and fuses narratology, ethics, philosophy and literary theory of Marxism-Leninism, folklore, cultural studies, psychoanalysis,power discourse theory, feminist theory etc.. In the process of innovation and fusion of Easternand Western theory, it adheres to take the study on the characteristics of the object as a startingpoint, and takes the object as basis to re-analysis and synthesis on the theory of related parts inorder to try to reach the harmonious effect of theory and interpretation of objects.On the basis of the principle of a combination of macro and micro, analysis and synthesis,the study of17years’ co-operative novel tries to mine raw data as much as possible and learnfrom the existed research to find the narrative ethics reflected in the co-operative novel author’sdealing with the relationship among "what will be written "and" how to write " and " Why writein this way ". This paper makes the thinking and analysis on the narrative ethics of co-operativenovel from the following four aspects.In the first chapter, it starts from the characterization, and then observes ethical implicationembodied in the author’s typical characterization. The narrator in the17years’ co-operativenovel takes the closely integration between typical characterization and ideology in order toachieve the teaching purpose of the political and ethical requirements. In this way, the positivecharacter shaped by use of the impractical method, the middle character shaped according totruth and the negative roles shaped from demonized villain is the carrier of a certain ethicalvalues. Ethical opinion played in different vivid roles, ethical bringer of the different charactersand ethical preaching became the most distinctive feature of the ethical demands in thecharacterization of17years’ co-operative novel. in order to achieve the requirements of politicaland ethical propaganda, aesthetic consideration of ethics is paid, especially the richness, hazinessand vagueness of the character’s aesthetic ideas is repressed by the tendencies of clarity andunity required by political ideas, so that the narrator has to rewrite the moral topography of thecharacter in accordance with the attitude and performance of the agricultural co-operation at anytime. When in social relations the people’s behavior with the contingency, richness andcomplexity is characterized as intents and purposes of inevitability by political criteria, and itlinks with the ethics and moral, the relative free phenomenon between the personalities andbehavior of the characters with process of story development and inconsistencies of characterand emotion or unusual things of the characters suddenly showed in the specific context veryclearly shows that the writer’s ethical dilemmas of rewriting the image. Collectively,17years’ co-operative novel gives prominent impression is the prominent group’s characteristics ofcharacters, but freshness and uniqueness of individual is not enough. So the highlighting oftypical shaping method of the inherent nature of the characters pays too much emphasis onutilitarian, it results in that positive character and negative character with rich ideological color isprofiling, but middle figure inking few touches the most glorious in the novel. So thisphenomenon in which the old is better than the new characters is really thought-provoking.The second chapter focuses on the analysis of ethical implication reflected in the linearplot structure of17years’ co-operative novel. Of course, the arrangement of plot structure in theco-operative novel is decided by superiority of propagandizing co-operative and topics of peopleeducation. From the plot cut and arrangements, the purpose of prominence or obscurity iscontrolled by the size of its ethical values, and whether it plays a good education to the values ofthe people. Therefore, the plot presentation of revolutionary ethics by the criticism to people’sbackward thought, the plot settings of class ethics by demonizing the image of intellectuals andthe plot layout of moral ethics by careful persuasion to the economic elite, all of them are withrich ethical implications. From the narrative structure of the novel, in order to achieve thepurpose of better publicity and education, the author generally takes the linear structure. Inco-operative novel, narrator mainly uses a single line, double-track, three-wire structure topresent themes, but in the standard of selecting narrative structure, the purpose of politicalindoctrination rather than aesthetic effect decides writers’ arrangement of novel structure. Butafter all, literature and politics races on two tracks, incompatibility and heterogeneity betweentwo leads to the tension of narrative, but also results in consequences of awkward speaking spaceand cramped adversary. These is reflected in the arrangement of plot structure, the structuralimbalance, the emergence of two-tier structure, the digression, paradoxical plot, all these discordphenomenon also explains the narrator’s embarrassing state of difficult effective integration ofpolitical ethics and aesthetic ethics.The third chapter explores the ethical implication of space-time description in17years’co-operative novel. That is, in the particular context, the narrator of17years’ co-operative noveltakes some kind of space-time as a narrative carrier in the comprehensive consideration of theethical relationship. Specifically, for17years’ co-operative novel, it is really a first consideringartistic problem that how to get a dynamic balance from the relationship between story time and the time of narrative expression in accordance with the ethical education to citizens by themainstream ideology or in the process of tailoring the time in which the story takes place, takinginto account the differences between the aesthetic pleasure function of art ethics and propagandaand indoctrination functions of political ethics. It can be said that both the author’s achievementof educating purpose of certain political mobilization and aesthetic penetration by the distortionand truncation of the natural time and the highlighting or deliberate omission reflected in therelations between narrative time sat in the text and story time, all show the ethical values formedin the host and guest hug, interaction and intertwining. As space description, becauseCo-operative novel is an ethics change intended to get rid of private values in the vast ruralareas,, so in this unprecedented work, barn, agricultural fields, households and other public orprivate space has become a focal conflict point of the contradictions between the old and newethics. The authors select this space imagery as the narrative plot structure, in addition to artisticconsiderations, more reflection of the narrative ethics in education to the people by disseminatingnew ideological values. Tailoring through time and space can help to integrate the debris of lifeas a coherent coherent, logical and complete event or story in accordance with the requirementsof the mainstream ideology and legitimize and rationalize the argument for the co-operativeprinciples and policies.The fourth chapter focuses on the ethical values showed in the different rhetorical arts andskills taken by the narrator. In order to complete the task of the publicity and education of thepeople given by political ideology, in imagery choice, plot setting, structure layout and moodrendering etc., novelists make full use of the art of rhetoric and take people’s favorite rhetoricimagery as a carrier to communicate and integrate effectively in political Ethics, revolutionaryEthics and civil ethics. In addition, writers as the elite intellectuals whose conscience isincreasingly unable to tune with political ethics in reality, so clothed with literary legitimacy ofrealism they borrow rhetorical ambiguity and implicativeness to express their own artisticconscience directly, thus, narrative ethics is formed in rhetorical level of17co-operative novels.Reflected in co-operative novels, metaphor, irony and contrast are the most popular rhetoricways among the narrators, and the value of narrative ethics included is self-evident. Figures ofspeech have become the most common art of rhetoric in co-operative novel, because there is aclose relationship between the isomorphism and image of the analogy’s figurative body and ontology and responsibility ethics propagandized by the author, and in the popularity of simile,the unique implication of the metaphor and the ethical implication of figurative imagery, ethicalview is reflected in the narrator’s taking the reader’s acceptance as a starting point to educate thepublic; as far as irony concerned, the authors make full use of irony’s characteristics to expresstheir own ethical values and enlightenment consciousness. Critical ethics of strong irony is oftenexpressed in a more relaxed atmosphere, enlightener’s ethical conscience adopted the way ofweak irony is showed in the growing tensed context, and ethical awareness of intertextual ironyis reflected in the objective description which was adopted in the contrast with society as a largetext; Similarly, ethical purpose of contrastive rhetoric in co-operative novel is also reflected inmany ways, especially in the choice between good and evil in the contrast of criticism andblaming of dual sound, the positioning between beauty and ugliness in the contrast of new andold societies, the character’s good or bad evaluation in the contrast of characters’ class.The conclusion is mainly a reflection of narrative ethics in co-operative novel and exploresthe internal and external factors of the lost literary body. That ethical view’s conflict betweensubject and object caused by the power imbalance between the elements of the literary field, andthe body lose of aesthetic ethics caused by overly powerful political ethics, these two issues havebeen heavily criticized and are most worthy of reflection in17years’ co-operative novel.
Keywords/Search Tags:17years, cooperative novel, narrative form, narrative ethic
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