The Study On The Trend Of Enlightenment Literature Thoughts In 1980’s

In the 1980s, with the ideological emancipation movement in the field of politics, culture and ideology field has launched a far-reaching ideological emancipation movement which called the "New Enlightenment". As an organic part of the " New Enlightenment", the trend of Enlightment Literature Thought in the new period of Reform and Opening-up has played a very important cultural thought "Enlightenment" role in the historical process of transformational change of Chinese society. Based on the contemporary Chinese trend of Enlightenment literature thought as investigation object, with Chinese and western enlightenment movement as the historical context, on the historical background of social transformation in the new period of Reform and Opening-up, this thesis "back to the eighties’historical scene", reveals the spirit of Enlightenment highlighting by literary creation, literary theory and literary criticism, describes and analyzes the enlightenment spirit, the way of thinking, value appeal and artistic expression of the contemporary Chinese trend of Enlightenment literature thoughts, and then demonstrates the intrinsic connection between the contemporary Chinese trend of literature thoughts and the "New Enlightenment".The chapter of Introduction, by analyzing the domestic and foreign research situation, determines the meaning and method of researching. Throughout the academic study of enlightenment and literature, it can be roughly divided into three types:one is focused on the study of ideological history; The second type is focused on cultural history research; The third type is focused on the literature history studies.This thesis considers Enlightenment as a whole organic social culture movement, in the fusion of intellectual history, culture history, and literature history research, investigates the trend of Enlightenment literature thought of Enlightenment in the new period, explores the interactive relationship between thought and art, basing on which as the historical context and social background,to analyze the complexity of the problem of modernity in China, so as to expand the sight and method of the study on contemporary literature and contemporary literature theory.The second chapter, mainly contains the connotation of the spirit of Enlightenment. To study the Trend of Enlightenment literature thought firstly need to truly grasp and understand the spirit of Enlightenment. This chapter puts Enlightenment philosophy in modernity historical view to analyze and research, and then sums up the ideas of Enlightenment spirit pedigree, and clarifies the relationship between each other, in order to gain a more comprehensive grasp. Because the complex and extensive connotation of Enlightenment, this thesis hasn’t pursue a certainty in the concept of Enlightenment, but to attempt to rank the ideas of Enlightenment spectrum from multiple levels. In the view of this thesis, the spirit of Enlightenment can be mainly summarized in multiple intertwined levels, including humanitarian spirit, the spirit of freedom, rational spirit, scientific spirit, democratic spirit, the spirit of progress, and etc, thereout constitutes the "Enlightening modernity".The third chapter traces the historical process of Chinese modernity, especially emphasizes the significance of late Qing Dynasty modernity to Chinese modernity,to change the traditional thinking way of previous neglect of Chinese modernity process since late Qing Dynasty and therefore ignoring the problem of modernity in late Qing Dynasty. Through the development of Chinese modern literature history, the relationship between Enlightenment and literature is also very close. In some sense, the Chinese modem literature is the history of the pregnance of Enlightenment, the initiative of Enlightenment, the boom of Enlightenment and the fallen of Enlightenment.It’s no doubt that it would be an extremely important part for China to realize modernization, to uplift the spirit of Enlightenment. Without the historical context of Enlightenment, it would be difficult to understand and grasp the contemporary and modern literature’s spiritual essence and the historical meaning of its occurrence and development. Therefore, back to the history of Chinese and western Enlightenment historical context will help us better understand the trend of Enlightenment literature thoughts in contemporary China.The fourth chapter, focuses on the complex connection between "Ideological Emancipation Movement" and "New Enlightenment". This chapter argues that the political "Ideological Emancipation Movement" and cultural "New Enlightenment" constitutes extremely complicate relationship. On the one hand, there is homogeneity and convergence in between; On the other hand, there is difference in some degree so that they clash and conflict from each other. This kind of dual variation between cultural Enlightenment discourse and political thought discourse, characterizes the complexities of various thoughts ideas during the period of transition. Back to the eighties’culture thought historical scene, review and rethink the spiritual heritage left by the "New Enlightenment", will help us to understand the evolution of culture thought in the contemporary Chinese social transformation.The fifth chapter, through the dispute of philosophical theory in the New Period social transformation, to probe the foundation of philosophy ideas which has caused the trend of Enlightenment literature thought in the new period. This chapter puts out the argument between marxism and humanitarianism in "Back to the Eighties" philosophy theory as a key point,to analyze the important theoretical significance of humanitarian theory to New Enlightenment and the generation and development of New Enlightenment literature ideological trend. This chapter argues that the philosophy of putting man as starting point has broken the long confinement theory, become the important philosophical basis of aesthetics in the new period, having foundational importance to the rise of New Enlightenment literature ideological trend.Chapter 6 emphatically discusses the progress of Enlightenment literature theory in the new period. The same as philosophy focusing on the issue of human, the theme of the change of the concept of literary theory is also highlights the theme of human:the discovery of human, human awakening and return of human nature become the core issue of the New Enlightenment movement in the new period, "the subjectivity of human" become the theoretical basis and spiritual essence of Enlightenment literature ideological trend. Literary theory in the new period restores the traditional theory of "literature is based on human", and gives its brand-new contemporary significance, as the core, "the literature subjectivity" constructs the theoretical core of Enlightenment literature in the new period.Chapter 7 sums up the innovation of method and the transformation of value in the new period literature criticism. In this chapter, the establishment of art self-discipline principle as the basic clue, in the horizon of the aesthetic modernity, to explore the breakthrough development in aesthetic concepts and art forms of Enlightenment literature. This chapter argues that in the new era of Enlightenment discourse paradigm shifting process, there is one different from the previous literary criticism paradigm of political critical having gradually formed. Enlightenment literature criticism discourse in the new period emphasizes the literary self-discipline, self-expression, turning inward, form exploration, rational reflection and other new criticism concept and method innovation, so that shows the construction and development of the New Enlightenment literary criticism discourse.In the view of this thesis, as a cultural integration thought movement, the rise of the Enlightenment thought is an interactive fusion product of social movement,thought campaign and literary movement, as a result, only to recognize the important historic role in the project of Enlightening modernity implementation process, and then survey the historical limit value and significance of the Enlightenment, could it be possible to effectively achieve reiterating the spirit of Enlightenment literature. As the perceptual representation of the time spirit, literature can’t isolatedly exist by separating from social and historical context, especially during the period of the great historical change, literature and art has always been with its peculiar aesthetic sharpness to express the changing of the Times. Therefore, the study of Enlightenment literature ideological trend must get rid of the narrow field of vision, get rid of the limitation of single mode of literary studies, because, no matter the thought campaign of Enlightenment or the literature and art movement of Enlightenment, Enlightenment is always a great social transformation project in human history, in other words, Enlightenment is not partial change and revolution in a certain field of subject, but the overall movement process of social history. This part of research will help us to break through the confine of the past research about Enlightenment literature.In some sense, the promotion of "New Enlightenment" is the intrinsic ideal pursuit of Chinese modernization process, also is a preset plan of modern engineering. It is not only providing theoretical prepation and intellectual support for social transformation, it is also rationally guiding the phenomenon that for single pursuit of material growth,our social life is lack of the spirit of humanity value. Therefore, putting the humanistic value pursuit of "New Enlightenment" in the contemporary context to re-examine, is helpful to promote the construction of a harmonious society, and having important cultural value and ideaistic significance in the realization of the ideal blueprint of the idea of the modernization of China. In this paper, the value of "New Enlightenment" demands and the humanistic spirit pursuit for intrinsic interest, so as to provide a helpful thought resource for spiritual culture construction and theoretical support in the contemporary social transformation.Reviewing of Enlightenment, rethinking Enlightenment, reiterating Enlightenment, displaying Enlightenment, and firmly establishing the cultural position and value orientation of Enlightenment, is still an extremely important historical mission for contemporary intellectuals.