The Research Of Lu Zhao In The Late Tang Dynasty

The traditional studies of writers has always been one of the main direction in literary study of Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties since the twentieth century when Chinese academic tend to modernization. Textual research of writer’s life had had come into being unprecedentedly, especially after 1980 s.There is no denying that the research of writer is focused on the great writer, and The research of medium and small writer is still inadequate. Lu Zhao is one of the many medium and small writers who lived in Jiangxi in the late Tang Dynasty.Lu Zhao was the NO.1 Scholars in the Second Year of Huichang of Tang Dynasty. He is very keen to learn when he was young. Compared to the others, he is remarkable. Lu E, the magistrate of Yichun city, think that Lu Zhao will be outstanding when he grew up. Lu Zhao was born in a poor family, but he has a lofty ideal. And he became the NO.1 Scholars at last. His article was well written, as well as his handwriting. When Lu Zhao was the Cishi of She prefecture, he showed an article named “Ode of Ocean Tide” to the emperor. When the emperor finished reading this ode, he said,“ Lu Zhao’s article was well written and everybody loves his work. His study on ocean tide is filled with his own opinions which are based on the record of the books. The pictures in the article proved his point clearly, and his research has solved the confusion ahout the cause of the formation of ocean tide,therefore,This article should be preserved in National Archives.”Although he has remarkable talent,his life was not recorded in official history. Literature handed down from ancient times related to Lu Zhao recorded fragmented and inadequate relatively. Every book of records about Lu Zhao’s life are mostly neo-realistic. And one of the few records seem to be very simple, which should be detailed, such as the experience, time and place as an official. During the period of study for a master’s degree, I put Lu Zhao’s Yi Shi as the research object, writing a master’s degree thesis studies named “The Study on Lu Zhao and Yi Shi”. Although I spent a lot of words to describe Lu Zhao’s biography, research is still not enough because of the master’s thesis is single to Yi Shi as the object.So I put Lu Zhao as the research object, trying to conduct a comprehensive, systematic and in-depth exploration on the basis of my master’s degree thesis.This thesis mainly includes five parts: One is the introduction; Secondly, the character’s life carding and textual research, including the first chapter and the second chapter; Thirdly is investigation of Lu Zhao’s writingst, namely the third chapter; The fourth part is perspective of literary criticism to the study of literary creation, namely chapter five; The fifth part is appendix part of this paper. I will introduce all the chapters as follows:Introduction: Introduce the reason and significance of topics, reviews the predecessors’ research on Lu Zhao and points out the research direction of the subject can be extended.First chapter: The Study of Lu Zhao’s Family and Life. The first section is combing the lineage of Lu Zhao and doing textual research of his families. In this section, theoretical basis is unearthed literature with the literature handed down from ancient times complementary each other. Sun-style is Lu Zhao’s second wife. Her epitaph written by Chen Yue, making up for the shortage of records about Lu Zhao’s lineage. Previous scholars failed to form the consensus of opinion about Lu Zhao’s official experience and tracks. So, in the second section, I made a textual research on these issues. This section combed Lu Zhao’s life course from childhood to adult, from test to earners, from local to the capital, then returned to the place. I point out the deficiency of previous records and research, re-study and obtain many different conclusions from predecessors’ studying. The third section is simple introduction about his extent of friends and writing. All the conclusions presented in tables. This approach ensures the continuity and integrity of thesis writing, moreover, it can lay a foundation for the following parts.The second chapter: Textual Research on the Lu Zhao’s Companionship. Study a certain character, clearing up his companionship is very necessary. Marxist philosophy believes that man is a social person, anyone who live out of society, will be hard to survive. So, study on exchanges between people, should not only stay on the surface of the communication between each other, but should see from behind of human nature and society. After combing the historical facts of Lu Zhao’s companionship with his friends and teachers, colleagues, family relatives, examination year, and many other groups, investigating his growth, environment and scope of activities, Restoring historical truth as much as possible, have important value for us to grasp the growth process, and the mood of Lu Zhao. At the same time, this is also helpful for us to do in-depth analysis of the connotation of his works.The third chapter: Textual Research on Lu Zhao’s writing. Inspecting his Writings and circulation from the records of the literature handed down from ancient times can make us know Lu Zhao as an author more intuitively. By reviewing the ancient and modern bibliographic description of Lu Zhao’s writings in the first quarter, number and existence or loss of writings can be analyzed clearly. In the second quarter, this part inspects all those lost writings and inferes the lost time, points out the two kinds of mistaken for Lu Zhao’s works. Furthermore, discusses the version of Yi Shi. The third section mainly inspects situation about Collection and annotation of Lu Zhao’s remained poet and prose. Doing research on Lu Zhao’s remained poets and proses in general collections, comparing the same text which exists in different general collections or comparing between Wen Biao Ji and general collections can find the Differences in words. All these differences show that the inheritance relationship between them.This method is important basis of combing the version of Wen Biao Ji. Contemporary scholars carried out many arrangement and research on Lu Zhao’s poems and proses,such as addendums and annotation. Adding up all texts which exists in general collections and addendums of scholars, we can find that there are thirty-four complete poems, four Sentence fragments, twelve complete articles and one fragmentary article.The fourth chapter: The Research on Lu Zhao’s Wen Biao Ji. The first section introdces the Wen Biao Ji’s collection and publication and carving background from two aspects. collection and publication and carving of Wen Biao Ji was carried out after Lu Zhao died in two hundred years. Why? On the one hand, is that Lu Zhao living in an age of war frequently; On the other hand, it’s related to development level of block-printing industry from the period of the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty. The first section comb the twelve versions of Wen Biao Ji separately. The inheritance relationship between all the versions of relatively clear. The third section introduces the new arrangement and research on Wen Biao Ji, that is the detailed textual criticism and comments.The fifth chapter: The Research on Lu Zhao’s proses. This part tries to seek a place for Lu Zhao in the history of literature. The first section is To classify and interpret Lu Zhao’s poems, and then analyze artistic characteristics of them. The first section is to classify and interpret Lu Zhao’s proses. This section divides into three parts:the creation of Lv-Fu in the imperial examination system, the Colorful Gu-Fu, the other proses. The third quarter and fourth quarter doing respectively research on Lu Zhao’s "Ode of Ocean Tide" and "A Letter to Wang Puye ".The third section divides into three parts: the background and purport of creation, Lu Zhao’s theory of ccean tide and the later criticism, literature characteristic. The fourth section analyzes the reason of creation and interprets the content.Appendix: Including three parts:The epitaph for Lu Zhao’s Second Wife Whose Name of Sun-style ", “The Preface and Introductory Remarks of Wen Biao Ji”, “Investigation of Wang Duo’s Chronicl in the late Tang Dynasty". All these parts can be considered as part of the paper resources and beneficial supplement.