The Comparative Study On Anarchical Movement Between China And Ko Rea

This article is devoted to "The comparative study on Anarchical movement betwee n China and Korea". The researcher makes a contrastive study of anarchism, which ga ve significant influnce to China and Korea in mordern history, from the points of anarchistic theories, movements and important representives. Anarchism is aslo be c alled as "无政府主义". This trend of thought resourced in the early stage of capit al development, and formed in mid-19th century. With the capital expanding, this tre nd of thought also expaned to asia and many other areas. The original word came fro m a Greece word" aichie", which means "power opposition". This trend of thought f ight for personal freedom, so it opposes to all kinds of orginizations having the p ower or authority to command or control. They vote for no-goverment and no-authorii ty. They belive the society has it’s own way to prove and keep balance. There is no need to obey the law or sbudue the authority, but the contract between different s ocial ogernazations.Anarchism first accepted and developed among the essence of Korean and Chinese in the turn of19th-20th century as a way to seek nation liberty in oppresed natio ns. For solving the same problem of two countries, struggling against imperialism a nd feudalism, they hold sieries activities based on anarchism. They influnced not o nly the essences, but aslo the buttom people. Although there are so many scholars have studied the development and motion modality of anarchism in East Asia, the res ult showed that they focus too much on one nation or one country. Actually anarchis m is full of sprit of internationalism. If our reach is limited in one field or in one country, it is really hard for us to get the real feature and value of anarchis m in East Asia countries. From this view, the researcher believes it is really wort h to have a deep cmparetive study of anarchism theories and movements between two c ountries. In chapter1, the author analyzed the origin and development of early anarchism. Try to find the answers about:How the professionals accepted anarchism? How they set up their organizations? How they carried out their activities. Why the anarchis m is so popular in these two countries in that period? And compare the characters o f their theory. In chapter2, the author analyzed the ins and outs of argument betw een anarchist and Bolshevik. The article generalized their different characters, f urther analized the reason of their sepration and reunion, and give suitable compli ments. In chapter3, the auther introuced three represatives(吴稚晖、李石曾、柳林)。 f anarchism which can reflect the circumstance of two countries in that period. In chapter4, we focus our study on the Enlightenment of society and culture, which es tablished by the anarchist of two countries. In chapter5, Anarchists also contribu te a lot in the War of Resistance against Japan. And this part is egnoed by other sc hoolars. The author researched the thought and the activities in that period.With all these research results above, the auther got some important discoverie s.Firstly, they do have so many same features. First, anarchists of both two cont ries oppose to all kinds of orginizations having the power or authority to command or control, and firght against Bolshevik firesely. Second, their theories were base d on Bakunin and Kropotkin’s theories. Kropotkin pointed out the aim. And Bakunin s howed the way to reach the aim. Bakunnin’s theory of "destroy and rebuild" has si gnificant meanings to these two countries. Kropotkin drew a picture of utopia anarc histic communism. they paid much attention on general social revolution. Chinese an archists voted for integrating the knowledge with the practice. They emphasized the fairness of evaluating the working capability and the contribution. Koreans’anarc hism is not a kind of philosophy but a theoretical basis of social movement. They h old the education movement and ideal village movement to solve the economic problem of their social activities. Forth, anarchists of two countries use a special way t o integrate national power. National power of East Asia was based on national survi ve. Korean anarchists thought it was the top theory to guide Korean people to fight for national liberty and development. Secondly, they aslo have a lot of differences. First, the development of anarch ism was at the height in new culture movement, which become the main thought of rad icalism. But it lost it’s position graudly after1920s. Otherwise, the hightest poi nt of Korean anarchist movement is in1920s. And this trend of thought expand rapid ly and whithou faired. Second, on the way of searching anarchism, chinese anrchists find the crisis of theories and activities, so they sperate into several groups. B ut korean anarchism always foucused on the national problem of against Japanese col ony. So no seperation appeares. Third, the basic mission of two countries is agains t imperialism and feudalism. Chinese focus on how to solve the inner problem. While Korean focus on how to get national liberty. Forth, chinese anarchists did a lot o n acdemic research, and left a lot of theories and references. While ananrchism is not a theories for korea, but a way to get national liberty and development. They a re not theorists, but practioners.Thirdly, this article find the new vale of anarchism., which does not blame the anarchism theory as only a sweet fantasy blindly. However the social mode which wa s sleeked by anarchists has important value for today’s social problems, especially in human right, national development and international cooperation fields. we can not deny that they pointed out a reasonable way for national development and socia1development of human beings. After1930s anarchism movement did not stand on the main stage of revolution, but they did much more fiercely, independently and uncomp romisingly than others. Otherwise we cannot dispraise the anarchists of two countri es. They all have gracious characters and optimistic philosophy of life. They refle ct out profound consideration of the imperfect society and preview of future social development.