The Historical Investigation Of President And Vice President Election Of Nanjing Government

On March 29, 1948,the national assembly for implementation of constitution of Nanjing Government was convened.The main matter was to elect the first session of president and vice president for the constitution.By describing the process of the electing of president and vice president,we can deep the research of development and change in the period of the Republic of China.And also,we can understand deeply the political ecology of Kuomintang and the ruling group of Nanjing Government.As one important step of Sun Yat-sen’s nation-building theory,Nanjing Government had prepared a lot for constitutionalism.Large scale election practice, spread of constitutional ideas,the community had been provided with the cognition and expectation for constitutionalism and election. When time come,The situation of political, economic and military all effected the election.There were full of controversy from the very beginning of the national assembly for implementation of constitution.The dissension among delegates of the national assembly continued till the convention began,the debate of amendment of constitution,the nomination form of vice president candidates,they all effected the election.More important,All sorts of contradictions were exposed inside Kuomintang and outside Kuomintang.Contradictions were intensified further,and cohesive force of Kuomintang was undermined.The election of president was relatively smooth,although it attracted attention because of Chiang Kai-shek once showed that he would not take part in the election.That Chiang Kai-shek elected president meet the social expectations.But it was widely criticized becarse the expansion of presidential power beyond the Constitution.The president election run counter to the Constitution,became the paradox of implementation of constitution.The election of vice president was full of competition,because there were six candidates.They pushed ideas,entertained delegates,delivered speech,to win support.This formed a sharp contrast with the presiden candidate,and easily lead to contradictions, brought some hidden troubles for constitutional government.The vice presidential election has been voted four times,and candidates even withdrawed during the process. It ended with Li Tsung-jen elected.The withdrawal exposed the contradictions inside Kuomintang.The election of Li Tsung-jen was the results of a variety of contradictions.It was dued to the proper strategy that Li Tsung-jen was elected.More important,the vice president election became benefit gambling among local powers and political parties and groups.The ruling status of Kuomintang caused discontentment in the society,Li Zongren’s reform proposition attracted a lot of support.The personal control power of Chiang Kai-shek went down.Free will on behalf of the vote through Li Zongren elected,but it was Out of the orbit of democracy because of political interest exchange and slander attack each other during the election.From a historical point to analyse the election of president and vice president,these aspects must be noticed,they were election and democracy,election and Guomintang,election and constitutionlism,election and the callapse of Nanjing Government.From the process,we should noticed the implementation of constitution of Nanjing Government was due to the promotion of world democracy after the second World War,also due to Guomintang and Chiang Kai-shek handed state power back to the people according to Sun Yat-sen’s political system course.But after twenty years of training period,”One-Party Dominant System” of Kuomintang could not be easily broke by constitutionalism.All sorts of contradictions inside Kuomintang also could not be solved by delegates of the national assembly and the election of president and vice president.When we confirmed the propulsion and evolution of modern electoral system in China,we should learn from the knowledge of available resources.