The Central Plains’ Ecological Environmental Change And Social Countermeasures In Ming And Qing Dynasty

There was various degrees ecological environmental problem in many parts of Central Plains in Ming and qing Dynasty, or soil desertificated, salinized and alkalized, it’s quality deteriorated; or vegetation and species reduced; or many rivers and lakes blocked, irrigation channels disrepaired, resulted in the daily living environment deteriorated, disaster was complicated and intense, and so on. When deduce the reason we can find in addition to natural factors such as geographical location and climate, the people excessively cultivated land, destroyed vegetation, caused soil erosion; the Yellow River and other rivers from time to time flooded, lots of farmland became sand or saline; many frequent natural disasters such as floods, drought, locusts and war all devastated the vegetation; the Central Plains people explored mineral also destroied the land resources and vegetation. all of these negative factors affectted the ecological environment of this area.The Central Plains ecological environmental change not only was a process of naturalization, but also a process of socialization, it have some same characteristics with other areas, but it showed some distinct local characteristics of the Central Plains, too. Of course, not all parts of the Central Plains’ ecological environment deteriorated, but part of the region. and environmental problems in various regions weren’t identical, there was great different. the environmental quality in many places didn’t always fall, but had the covertly characteristics of stage, and even sometimes repeated.Ecological environment deteriorated lead much farmland were destroyed in many places, irrigation building were seriously damaged, grain yield per unit area decreased, agricultural development was difficult. Some town decayed with environmental degrading, although the disasters was frequent, the land already lost, the people still had to give government food, so they were poor.Faced with the increasingly serious problem of environmental degradation, the local authorities and civil society effortted to take some measures to improve the environment, they dredged river, repaired irrigation building; planted trees and protected vegetation; reformed the poor soil, improved agricultural production; boilled salt, nitrate, alkali, turned waste into wealth; or limitted mining activities, reduced it’s impact on the environment. Took measures with local conditions. the result of these measures were taken by the Central Plains people is different, some measures have remarkable results, so the ecological condition eased in some degree, but the effect of some measures was limited, and even was futile.There was no substantial agricultural production technology breakthrough, increasing population pressure on the environment increasing, in addition to the people’s environmental consciousness awareness wasn’t strong in the Central Plains in Ming and qing Dynasty, all of these resulted in long-term environmental problems in some places which could’t be resolved. although the ecological issues had eased in many places, but it didn’t last forever. Overall, the Central Plains people took many measures to solve environmental problems, most of them rose and wasted quickly, the effect was limited, didn’t solve the problem. the ecological and environmental problems in many areas were still very prominent, and there were signs of continued deterioration, the task that local people solve environmental problems was arduous. however, it’s success or failure let us reflect, and help us explore the effective ways to solve environmental problems today.