To Shew The Fly The Way Out Of The Fly-bottle

The dissertation discusses Wittgenstein’s turn, or the turn of Wittgenstein’s thought. The revolution of late Wittgenstein’s thought is no longer to be understood as putting forward a new linguistic view-----as orthodoxical explanation has done, nor as a therapy philosophy-------as new explanation has done, it is rather conceptualized as "the turn of thought". The turn of thought is the fundamental theme in philosophy since Hegel, and traditional philosophy as metaphysics is constantly refuted and criticized.The so-called "Wittgenstein’s turn" refers to the turn from his early thought represented by Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (Logische-Philosophische Abhandlung) to his late thought represented by Philosophical Investigations {Philosophische Untersuchungen). The turn of thought as a whole is analysed into three turns:the linguistic turn is well-known, the turn of ethics is a new growth area in contemporary Wittgenstein research, nevertheless, what is in the center is the turn of thinking mode which is seriously neglected in the Wittgenstein researches so far conducted.The dissertation begins its discussion from the early Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, and it initiatively reviews three main interpretation modes: orthodox explanation, anti-metaphysical explanation and new explanation, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of these explanations, consequently it synthesizes these explanations into the explanations of the research. Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus is understood as composed of three theories and a minus metaphysics from its process of writing and thinking. The minus metaphysics is still a metaphysics, merely the metaphysics to its own limitation, but it has not really transcend beyond metaphysics. According to the thinking modes, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus remains completely metaphysical. This is the true reason why Wittgenstein’s turn from his early thought to his late thought takes place.There are two different types of linguistic turn, the linguistic turn in sense of analytical philosophy is merely a turn to language, but the linguistic turn in sense of late Wittgenstein’s thought is a turn from inquiry into "truth" to inquiry into "meaning", therefore, it can be regarded as the true linguistic turn. The true linguistic turn comes to the level of language, to the original aspect and authenticity of language, rather than a kind of construction of interpretative theory for language.The chapter of the linguistic turn firstly expounds how the late Wittgenstein’s thought deconstructs "the Augustinian picture"; secondly, demonstrates the ground of language the late Wittgenstein’s thought reaches------his concepts of the language game and the forms of life; and the ground is coarse which is full of diversities and differences of rules; and its superficial consistency of form give philosophy research various confuses and pitfalls; and finally, points out philosophy research as "conceptual research" in the late Wittgenstein’s thought is completely grammar investigation, it is no longer a construction of certain essential interpretation of concept, but a grammatical description.The turn of thinking mode refers to turning our whole examination round, bring words back from their metaphysical to their everyday use; "Don’t think, but see", with objection to proposing any theory and interpretation in philosophy; therefore, philosophy only states what everyone admits; the aim of philosophy is to treatment of our intellect confusion, to shew the fly the way out of the fly-bottle, to turn our thinking mode around. Comprehension is not a spiritual state, it is natural. What in its urgent need to treatment is the thousand years’confusion of thought itself, the most deep confusion of philosophy as "thought by thought".From its nature, Wittgenstein’s philosophy is provided with distinctive existential-ethical nature, and it is exactly an anxious and desperate individual experience constituting of the core of his philosophical thinking, and a kind of unprecedent profundity and authenticity, and also constituting of the theme of his philosophical thinking. However, the early Wittgenstein’s ethical thinking sinks into moral metaphysics, while the late Wittgenstein’s thought completes the fundamental turn of his ethical thinking. If there are anything open to us in the late Wittgenstein’s thought, it must be that he has opened such an fundamental clarity and reliability:that only the truth of faith constitutes the truth of the earth and human’s existence, the only way leads to the salvation of human beings.