Research On Hunan Agricultural-development In Ming Dynasty

Agriculture was a decisive production sector in ancient society; Agricultural production was closely linked with the national economy and the people’s livelihood. So,every dynasty regards agricultural management as primary task of economic work. Agricultural production is a staggered process of natural reproduction and economic reproduction. Effects of natural factors such water and land on agriculture is huge, but people system choice under the natural constraints influence on the way of agriculture development decisively, because the system is a coordination link between agricultural economic reproduction and natural reproduction. Under the same natural condition, The correct choice of system or not, agricultural development effect is completely different.During more than 200 years of the Ming Dynasty, the ups and downs of agricultural development in Hunan, in essence is the choice of the system of agricultural development of twists and turns. The ruler inherited the traditional thought of valuing agriculture in Ming china, used a mighty state apparatus to strengthen its agricultural management. Both a series of economic legislation on macroscopically and the production guidance to the microcosmic, were all very idiographic. Its content includes all respects of agricultural production, levy collection, water conservancy-built, field residence transaction, pest management. The Ming Dynasty really attaches great importance to various measures of agricultural policy, which is the institution source in most parts of the country the rapid recovery of agricultural production.But in the late Ming dynasty, growth of eunuch group and civilian groups in the power game, the agricultural system was unable to meet the needs by its rigidity, or because of corruption suffered damage, so the foundation on sustainable development of agriculture has been seriously impaired, agricultural economy boom has turned to bust. It is necessary to sum up the history of this period conscientiously, analysis and summarize the regularity of the development of system of agricultural industry transition, in order to conduct modern agricultural development in the new period.This paper mainly applies materialism and historical materialism as the guide, regards the Ming Dynasty Hunan agriculture as the research object, to research evolution of the economic development of the Ming Dynasty Hunan agricultural by the perspective of institutional arrangements. It analyses the origin、development and change of agricultural system,such as agricultural administration, population household registration system, land system, liturgical system, irrigation and farming systems, and other systems of Famine Relief, Agricultural system as a public good, how to influence the development and changes in the agricultural economy, in order to reveal the intrinsic link between institutional change and agricultural growth performance.Against current problems on system supply of agriculture, based on the fact, we propose to promote China’s modern agricultural and crack "Three Rural Issues" useful measures from the perspective of system design and innovation.