A Study Of Mnai Language

This paper do a more systematic description and analysis on Mnai language,based on fieldwork,guided by language contact theory and reference grammar theory,combined linguistic theory with other conventional methods. The thesis is divided into eight chapters.Chapter Ⅰ :Introduction. This chapter Introduces Mnai language situation and related research results,and then it puts forward research ideas, research methods and theoretical guidance methods.It also introduces the basic situation preliminary investigations and collected corpus on this topic.Chapter Ⅱ :Contacts of Mnai language and Chinese language.First this chapter introduces Mnai language distribution, population, language survival environment, language environment and language usage, second, analyzes Mnai language under the living environment of Chinese strongly affected by some performance phonology, lexicon, grammar system, then proposes Mnai language be an endangered language. This chapter analyzes its endangered situation, endangered feature and endangered type from the perspective of social linguistics. By comparison with the domestic famous endangered languages Tujia language features, noting Mnai language belongs to the rare " shift-induced interference" type, herein referred to as the interference pattern, rather than a universal alternative seen.Chapter Ⅲ :Voice. This chapter describes detailed the phonology, syllable structure of Mnai language from the perspective of synchronic, and add up its complex modulation form. From a historical point of view, compared with corpus recorded 60 years ago, summarizes the main voice evolution.These sound changing phenomena match Miao-Yao prevailing sound change laws.Chapter Ⅳ:Vocabulary. Field survey found that native speakers in Mnai language(or because of their age difference, or due to different Chinese language education) not only have an accent differences in pronunciation of the word, there are significant differences in the vocabulary to express verbally also, this chapter lists a number of concrete examples. This chapter analyzes its formation pattern according to the conventional method, analyzing loanwords outstanding issues in Mnai language, observing and listing seen loanwords pronunciation stratification.Chapter Ⅴ :parts of speech. This chapter Analyze main grammatical features about 12 categories of parts of speech in Mnai language:nouns, pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, numerals, quantifiers, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, particles and interjection.Chapter Ⅵ :Phrase. This chapter individually analyze structure form and semantic features of predicate phrase, said object phrase, prepositional phrases, verb-complement phrases, coordinate phrase, modified phrase, quantifier phrase, interlocking phrase in Mnai language.Chapter Ⅶ: Sentence class. This chapter describes the various forms of expression in four sentence class by examples.:declarative sentence, interrogative sentence, imperative sentence and exclamatory sentence.Chapter Ⅷ: Sentence pattern. This chapter describes 17 kinds of sentences pattern from the internal structural characteristics of the sentence by example: single sentence, complex sentence, tight sentence, sentence without subject, noun predicate sentence, adjectives predicate sentence, subject predicate sentence, verb predicate sentence, " 有 " sentence, " 是 " sentence, " 是...... 的 " sentence, " 把 " sentence, " 被 " sentence, existential sentence, pivotal sentence and comparative sentence.Appendices include three lengthy corpus, 3 songs and nearly 2000 words.Mnai language like other languages,example for Miao-Yao language, as SVO type, but its type of secondly word order level is very messy. There is a two-way word order in adjective, adverb modifier center position, numeral measure word combined position, relative clause and central word position, indicated word and central word position and so, and there are some phenomenon that other sub-grade word order does not match recognized SVO type. The word order phenomena are seen scattered throughout the corpus presented in text, and this article does not discuss by a special chapter. There is a reason behind these complex linguistic phenomenon, pending further study.