Research On Contemporary China Planning Politics

The political form in Contemporary China which composed of political attribute and political process is planning politics. The Planning Politics, refers to that the public authority setting rights agenda and the fundamental rule, leading, controlling rights change process. Contemporary Chinese politics has experienced four stages which including the formation of Planning Politics (1949-1956), authoritative planning Politics (1957-1977), limited Planning Politics (1978-1997) and deliberative Planning Politics (1998-), the social system must comply with the logic could they produce, transform and increase their own capital to enhance their ability to action. The peasant rights have experienced three forms, namely service rights to the state(1949-1977), political-controled rights (1978-1997) and no-challenging rights of livelihood (1998-), these are products of interaction between sovereign rights and social rights.After the founding of the new regime, the new power faced with internal and external challenges. In this situation, the party-state established political value of security justice of sovereign rights "(National Justice). With suspicion and denial attitude to social rights, the" national perspective" set social rights opposition to sovereign rights, and forced all the people into " national justice" track through mass movement and collectivization strategy, entitling the society with service rights to state.As a result, with the state power established, political and social decline came to be formed, both rule rights and social rights suffered losses.Entering the reforming period, the party-state changed the judgement of national security situation, establishing the opinion of "peace and development ", the economic development and market reform had become the central work of Party-state. National strategy transformation changed the national logics of rights. With realizing the enhancement of social action ability indispensable consolidating rule and enforcement of national strategies, the party-state no longer presumed social rights oppositive to sovereign rights. Drived by the logics of rights, the party-state executed decentralization of family responsibility system and the villagers’ autonomy. Due to the "tool" position and the tension of decentralization reformation, the improvement of peasant action ability was limited with not inducted effectively into the institutionalization track. Striked by the central-local game and "silent coercion of economic power", the peasants were compelled into the main component of vulnerable groups, and the subaltern society began to appear.The legalization of Villagers’ self-government, streamlining government institutions, tax-for-fee and Building a new coutryside, highlight the mind of party-state to protect vulnerable groups, reconstruction of the principle of reciprocity between state and the subaltern society, it was vital for legitimacy of sovereign rights and moral image. With the appearance of the subaltern society and the transformation of logics of national rights, the peasants got more rights to gain better employment, income, medical, insurance, pension, housing, environment protect and so on, and the the "action diliberative" of peasants got various forms of responses from the party-state, peasants got more livelihood rights, the peasants’ organizations, social organizations and local government gained a high degree of autonomy and broad action space in the development of peasant’s livelihood rights. But this kind of autonomy and the action space is not challenge to ruling rights, reciprocity of state-subaltern society and central-local tension formed political threshold, set National Empowerment under planning politics insurmountable difficulties. Morally protection of peasants’ rights should become the future mode of political development.