From Multilateralism Ideas To Establish International System: The United States To Create The Experience Of The United Nations

Although multilateralism can be demonstrated and traced back in United States’diplomatic practices as early as the late19thcentury, those practices can only beregarded as the specialized and temporary foreign policies, such as the InternationalUnion of American Republics and the Open Door policy. The League of Nationswas the first generalized international institution (organization), whose establishmentwitnessed the crucial role of the United States. However, the League of Nationsfailed to fulfilled the functions enshrined by its founders, and was abandoned byinternational society. The failure of the League of Nations was carefully studied byUnited States, and a new institution (organization) was planned to come true duringthe World War II. With the effort of the major powers in the international society,the United Nations, initiated by the United States, is regarded as the importantinternational institution to safeguard the world peace during the post World War II era.Based on the analytical framework of “multilateralism as an institution”, thisdissertation mainly observes and studies United States’ experience of thesubstantiation of multilateralism towards a concrete international institution (theUnited Nations).First, based on the accurate interpretation of the structure of international system(the function and influence of the major power) both during and after the World WarII, United States launched the “unanimous decision of the major powers” to improvethe efficiency of the international institution (organization). The veto right of thepermanent members and the decision making procedure of the United NationsSecurity Council are the final result.Second, United States acted in response of the desire of the international society,especially those major powers to assemble the common interests. Despite of somedivaricating attitudes, international society (especially Soviet Union, the UnitedKingdom and China) uttered positive sign to the cooperative proposal and post warorder raised by United States. Stemming from the enlargement of the internationalcooperation during the World War II, United States, along with other major powers,maintained the cooperation and made it as the foundation of the post war internationalinstitution (organization), specifically known as the founding member of the UnitedNations.Finally, representing the coherence of United States’ tradition, the constitutionalorder was used in the international institution to safeguard the spirit of equality.During this process, United States made its every efforts to established a generalized international organization (the United Nations). The basic document of the UnitedNations is widely known as the “Charter of the United Nations”, which is also basedon the format and requirement of the constitutional order.With the observation of the establishment of the United Nations, the premise ofthe efficiency of international institution is the correspondence to the structure ofinternational system; the backbone of the cooperation of international institution isthe satisfaction of the need of the international society; and the constitutional orderin United States’ tradition not only illustrates the coherence of United States’ foreignpolicies, but also provides a useful approach to safeguard the equality of theinternational institution.