| The United Nations Security,which is apart of the United Nations(UN),created with the primary obligation to preserve worldwide peace and security reflects the dissemination of power in 1945.This organ is made up of five(5)permanent members that of the Russian Federation,France,United States of America,the People's Republic of China and the United Kingdom.Since its inception the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)has undergone reform once and subsequently all further reform proposals have failed.Given that times have changed and new developments have shaped the world;noticeable different and complex challenges in maintaining international peace and security have also risen.Principally,the situation is that it is felt that the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)is not equip,moreover the structure is inadequate to address these modern issues,particularly since the world is completely different from what it was in 1945.Therefore,the question is whether the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)can or will continue to function as it does currently to command worldwide respect and effectively and efficiently address the challenges of the 21st century without undergoing a process of reform.Moreover,over the years more and more voices have consequently been vocal in criticizing and outright calling for reforming the United Nations Security Council(UNSC).Accordingly,an assortment of United Nations and Security Council(UNSC)members have voiced dissatisfaction with the present structure,working method of the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)and made known their wishes for reform;since the United Nations Security Council(UNSC),it is stated is still based on the global political relation of 1945,right after the Second(2nd)World War.Thus,criticisms of the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)small size,elite nature,the relationship with the United Nations General Assembly(UNGA),its working procedures and of course its undemocratic structure are areas that it is alleged would be adequate for the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)to change and reform accordingly.Furthermore,and of fundamental importance,though is that most criticisms have been directed at the "veto power",which gives the Permanent Five Members(P5)the power to overturn any non-procedural issue with their vote whether it has any international support or not.Primarily,in this dissertation thesis,it will also be argued that the veto power that the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)and the United Nations(UN)Charter provides to its Permanent Five Members(P5)makes the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)practically beyond the level of significant reform necessary to enable it to achieve an adequate,safe and sound level of protection for humanity.On the other hand,at the end of the day Small Nation States core national interests straight forwardly are affected directly by the possible shape that a reform of the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)could take;therefore,their profound effort in engaging in influencing the path of the reform debate.Additionally,from the standpoint of Small Nation States it is felt that given the foundation and basis of the nature of the United Nations Security Council(UNSC),it has somewhat prevented them from being heard,in terms of contributing their perspective into the Council's deliberation,especially through the "veto power" and as well as not being able to acquire a seat in the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)prevents great international visibility and prestige.Therefore,there are genuine concerns that the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)should be transformed to increase Small Nation States presence and influence.But ultimately,it is interesting to note that power intrigues within and outside of the grouping of Small Nation States from different parts of the world,suggests that the process of inclusion of Small Nation States in the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)could have significant consequences for regional and continental unity.However,looking closely at the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)designed to meet the demands of the world,it is directly not a complex structure;but the problem is that it is proving to be incapable of successfully taking on the challenges of the moder world.As a result,comprehensively,no reform can be achieved without reviewing the composition of the United Nations Security Council(UNSC).Importantly,as we know there is widespread consensus today in highlighting also the lack of representativeness and decreasing legitimacy of the United Nations Security Council(UNSC).Therefore,for all intent and purposes,the primary question examined in this dissertation,thesis is to critically analyze and explore restructuring the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)to determine whether or not it is beyond reform and from the perspective of Small Nation States.This dissertation,thesis does in fact undertake a difficult task of analyzing the United Nations Security(UNSC)from the viewpoint of Small Nation States perspectives.In order to carry out a successful analysis and test this theory,I intend to analyze the areas proposed to be reformed,which are the Security Council's membership,including the size of broadening the council and the classifications of its membership;veto system;the security council's working procedures;the connection between the Security Council,the United Nations General Assembly(UNGA),its undemocratic structure;and eventually how to reform the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)from the perspective of Small Nation States;and can there national interest be represented.My central arguments are that the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)has and does play an important and critical position in worldwide peace and security in the world since its inception.However,it is evident that the global environment has changed resulting in different and complex norms,issues and challenges,which demands immediate and urgent attention.These essentially have made the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)in-equip given that it has still remained the same over the years.Questionable is,why then,it is that there is no significant progress in the reform process of transforming the United Nations Security Council(UNSC).Is it that it is beyond reform?What then could the reform of the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)be possible to enable it to achieve its objectives more efficiently,effectively in order for it to function better?Furthermore,this dissertation thesis,also give emphasis to the fact that support exists for the reformation of the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)and the case for expansions or replacement of this organ from contenders and distracters such as small nation states that makes up the vast majority of the United Nations membership.Fundamentally,the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)as an international community created specifically to promote international cooperation through that of maintaining international peace,security and encouraging cooperation amongst nation states,is today regarded as unrepresentative of the peoples of the world and the distribution of powers within the body is widely seen as both unrealistic and unfair.Ultimately,though is whether or not the United Nations Security Council(UNSC)can be reformed?... |
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