On Marx’s "Practical Humanism"

The purpose of this paper is to understand Marx’s humanitarianism thought. WillMarx’s humanitarianism thought up as " practical humanitarianism", partly becauseMarx had made clear his humanism is different from the previous" theory ofhumanitarianism","practical humanitarianism", on the other hand, is to show that, thehumanitarian value as a conscious, in Marx" the way of thinking of practiceviewpoint" the train of thought to, the revolutionary changes. This thought as the core,the article divides the following several part.The introduction part summarizes the domestic humanitarian research historyand current situation, pointed out these years on humanitarian discussions formed bythe results, and in this process some problems appearing in the.The first chapter is about the practical humanitarianism as Marx engaged in thecritique of civil society value consciousness. Marx turned to the critique of civilsociety, undertake national economics research has a strong pertinence, it is pair ofcapitalist repressive strong resistance, is based on the production practice of the objectof value characteristics and labour under capitalism the fact alienation betweenparadox as a starting point. In since the enlightenment humanism development andsocialism, a communist humanitarian appeal for double on the basis of criticism, inorder to communism ’s positive attitude to abandon private property theory inrehearsal, put forward their own creative practice humanitarianism thought.The second chapter is about the practice of Marx ’s humanitarian thought. Marx’shumanitarian thought changes as follows: first, in the understanding of the man, Marxbelieved that human nature and practice are closely linked, the production practice is aprocess of generating its own nature of the process. So this kind of people’sunderstanding is not the abstract understanding, but specific, realistic understanding.In this sense, practical humanitarianism is not committed to a fixed theory of humanvalue, it is essentially a constant reflection, criticism on suppressing human nature, tobelittle the value theory. In second, the relationship between people and the world,Marx believed that the humanism and naturalism of this two kinds of value betweenthe opposing, were killed by the social practice, to the people, the human society isman’s true nature, but also only in the naturalistic attitude can truly understand humansociety. For this reality," practical humanitarianism" to" change the world". In third,treat people with a history of relationship, Marx believed that history is nothing but human practice history, its ultimate is based on perceptual intuition, so we should usescientific attitude rather than speculative attitude towards history, history shouldbecome a science, the science of primary task is to determine the emotional premise,and the paper reveals the development of human society system structure, as historyresearch methodology. The utility value in capitalist society movement and itscontradiction and indicate the human all-round development and to seek freedom andliberation by the realistic way. In fourth, the relationship between people, namely theethical issues, Marx is not the abstract discussion some kind of eternal value, butpoints out that the environmental change and the relation between people and peoplechange the consistency, thereby revealing capitalist social ethics ideology history.Marx actually construct a production as the core value of the ethics. At the same time,Marx pointed out that the external nature through human practical activitiesintermediary as the inorganic body of man, contains profound thought ofenvironmental ethics.The third chapter stresses practical humanism theory source and itstranscendence, is actually practical humanitarianism from what Chulai problem.Practical humanitarianism is Marx in reflection, criticism abstract humanism in theprocess of forming. Abstract humanism embodied in two aspects, one is the westernhumanism tradition, especially in the enlightenment movement during the formationof the tradition of humanism. The humanitarian that human life has a certain universalvalues, humanitarian purpose is to realize the value, this kind of understanding humannature liberation, especially from the religious rule of liberation, from the sacred lifeinto secular life is very important, but it is bourgeois revolt religious rule of feudalism,the process of formation, have significant limitations; another aspect of Feuerbach’shumanism, Feuerbach to people’s understanding, is in the process of formation oftheology. His understanding of man is the biological significance of the naturalinstincts of man, and not from the perspective of practice understanding people. Thisbased on the humanism is also abstract.The fourth chapter tells Engels about Marx’s humanitarianism thoughtexplanation and it in the Soviet Union and east west development, is actually practicalhumanitarianism: where to go problem. Engels’s overall adherence to Marx’sthoughts, and to do a certain degree of development, the late Engels has reflection; theSoviet Union and Eastern Europe is mainly in the early revolutionaryhumanitarianism understanding of humanitarian, later in the socialist practice processby depressing to publicity, overall, in a certain sense from Marx the Marx doctrine; West of humanitarian understanding is mainly from the cultural angle, its mainpurpose is to critically bourgeois the development process in the formation of humanwaste and cultural anxiety.The fifth chapter tells of Marx’s humanitarian this understanding of the meaningand value, will Marx’s humanitarian understanding for practical humanitarianism,actually built the Marx philosophy and modern western philosophy dialogue platform,which can respond to them on some of Marx’s criticism, mainly for Sutter andHeidegger’s response, Sutter think Marx philosophy being human space, Heideggerthinks Marx’s humanitarian is at best a kind of metaphysics. As the core of thescientific outlook on development people-oriented, is the Marx practice humanitarianChinese remodeling.