A Study On The Liao And Jin Dynasty Ethnic Relation Thoughts

It is significant for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese ethnic relation thoughts in Liao Dynasty established by the Khitan and Jin Dynasty established by the Jurchen.The chapter one describes the period from Liao Taizu to Liao Mouzon. Liao Taizu practiced ideas of "aggression and expansion","establish the dynasty","respect customs",and"divide and conquer", and had a positive impact on the recognition of a unified multi-ethnic country of China. There were some differences in understanding of the national questions in Liao Dynasty early period.Then two opposing schools of thoughts came into being:conservatives were relying on the old system,and liberals participated the Central Plains affairs. Their contradictions often influenced historical trend.The Chapter two describes the period from Liao Jingzong to Liao Xingzong. Liao Jingzong drew lessons from the experiences of ancient Han rulers,and established primogeniture.He kept peace with Northern Song Dynasty earlier and invaded later. Han scholars in Liao Dynasty shaken off the the "Hua Yi shackles",and they were loyalty to the country. Xiao Churk wanted to construct a feudal country. She and Liao Shengzong crushed the invasion of the Northern Song Dynasty,and suppressed Northern Song. After a long time of war, she forced Song Zhenzong to sign the peace treaty. Liao Shengzong loved Chinese culture, kept a good relationship with the Northern Song Dynasty and enhanced the prestige of the country. Liao Xing Zong forced the Northern Song Dynasty increase year-old currency, and cherished peace,too.He launched the war with the Xi Xia. Liao Xing Zong was not willing to be regarded as barbarians,and tried to make the Liao Dynasty orthodox status. Because Liao Dynasty rulers were militaristic, causing the livelihood of the people trapped,Xiaohan Janu had the idea of’No matter the Barbarians".The chapter three describes the period from the Liao Daozong to Tianzuo.The system of Liao Daozong’s idea consists of "no different from China","the two countries like a family" and "be honest to Minority",which reached a high level.Because of his fatuity,his ideas didn’t get a good evaluation. Tianzuo made some mistakes in his ethnic relations thoughts which was an important reason for his country destroyed. Tianzuo showed off his orthodox, and he made a blind contempt to barbarians, which caused the irreversible deterioration of the situation; Tian was suspicious, and made himself become a loner. He had to rely on Korea and Xixia, which was not successful; He did not make preparations for war, just wanted to escape. Finally, people betrayed him. and the state was also destroyed.The chapter four describes the period from the Jin Taizu to Jin Taizong. The system of Wanyan Aguda’s idea consists of" hate Khitan,and establish the regime "."Harmonization of National "." We Are the World " and " Compliance with vows" His idea made Jurchen from split to unified.Jin Taizong’s idea had a change from "comply with the old system" to " Bayonet Central Plains". Wanyan Zonghan showed his idea in pursuit of independence and waging war against the Song Dynasty. Wanyan Zongbi s idea were starting from the Jin’s national interests.The chapter five describes the period from the Jin Xizong to Jin Zhangzong. The system of Jin Xizong’s idea consists of" All people are my people "." Gradual reform ’and " Stop the war ". The system of Wan Yanliang ’s idea consists of " Ethnic equality "and "Reunification of the country can be considered orthodox ".But he made a mistake in practice which led to his failure. The system of Jin Shizong’s idea consists of " Benevolent"," Retain old customs " and " The Jurchen’s interests are most important ".Some of his ideas are contradictory. Jin Zhangzong wanted to build a country like the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty.He shoued great importance to relations with the Southern Song Dynasty.and had a peak of Jin Dynasty.The chapter six describes the period from the King Weishao to Jin Aizong. King Weishao had an idea of "ignore the war between enemies "when Mongolia attacked Xixia. He did not actively resist Mongolia,and had a failure.Jin Xuanzong failed to achieve the Jin becaused that he made a series of mistakes for his ideas. Faced with the invasion of Genghis Khan, Jin Xuanzong pursued the idea of passive defense. Knemy was coming, Jin Xuanzong launched a war against the Southern Song Dynasty and Xi Xia, which led to his failure. Jin Aizong corrected the mistake made by Jin Xuanzong.but it was too late.The chapter seven is the comparison and evaluation of ethnic relation thoughts in Liao Dynasty and Jin Dynasty. Liao and Jin had a similarity to the inheritance and development of Chinese traditional ethnic relation thoughts, and had many consistent ideas, but differed in the positioning of the ruling national development and pursuit of orthodox. The ethnic relation thoughts in Liao and Jin was an important chapter in the ideological history of national relationship, and promoted the development of a unified multi-ethnic country.