Study Of Contemporary China's System Of Materials

Exploring the history of a material preferential treatment system since thefounding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), this system of our country hasgone through four main developmental stages, including establishment period,development period, stagnation period, and perfection period.The period of the war to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea is theestablishment period of a material preferential treatment system of our country. Basedon a material preferential treatment system which summarized the implementation ofthe revolutionary war, the interior ministry laid down 《provisional regulationsregarding preferential treatment to family members of revolutionary martyrs andrevolutionary servicemen》 and 《provisional regulations regarding preferentialtreatment and care to disabled revolutionary servicemen》 etc. in December of1950.From then on the regulations regarding our nation’ material preferential treatmentsystem were created, which laid the foundation of our nation’ material preferentialtreatment system. Based on the requirement of defending our country and the realeconomic conditions, our country adopted various preferential treatment measures forthe wounded or disabled revolutionary servicemen, family members of revolutionarymartyrs and revolutionary servicemen etc. In terms of preferential treatment, ourcountry carried out a substitute cultivation system dominated by the social burden inthe rural areas, implemented an employment preferential policy in the city andadopted some preferential treatment measures for medical expenses and children’sschool fees of family members of revolutionary martyrs. In terms of pension, ourcountry raised pension standards and improved the disablement assessment conditionsaccording to the requirement of wounded or disabled revolutionary servicemen. Interms of praise, our country gave martyrs awards according to their merits, heldmemorial services such as tomb sweeping and constructing memorial buildings formartyrs, etc. During this period, the activities regarding the civilians’ supporting thearmy and preferential treatment for families of servicemen and martyrs were rich,including issuing notices of sympathy, holding meetings, seminars, and art shows etc.,while ferial in it was also actively carried out, such as doing housework for theirfamilies and writing letters of encouragement to volunteers etc. The development period of the material preferential treatment system of ourcountry started from the war to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea to the beginningof the Cultural Revolution. Because of appearance of peace constructioncircumstances and the development of agricultural co-operative movement, changesoccurred in the material preferential treatment system.In the aspect of preferentialtreatment system, the substitute cultivation system is gradually replaced bypreferential treatment Labor Day assisted by subsidy in kind. In the aspect of pensionsystem, our country raised wound and disability pension standard, mitigated andannulled medical expenses of wounded and disabled revolutionary servicemen inorder to solve wounded and disability issues inherited from past war. In the aspect ofpraise system, our country not only continued the past policy but also strengthened themanagement of martyr memorial buildings and prohibited construction withoutpermission.During the period of the Cultural Revolution, class struggle disturbed the wholepreferential treatment work. It is mainly marked as follows. Preferential treatmentagencies were rescinded. Preferential treatment polices were abolished. It is difficultto improve the pension standard. Preferential treatment targets were persecuted. Butsome preferential treatment policies still persisted, such as preferential treatmentLabor Day and subsidy in kind and improvement of disablement evaluationconditions etc. The civilians’ supporting the army and preferential treatment forfamilies of servicemen and martyrs were being persued and appeared in variousforms.After the period of the reform and opening, the previous preferential treatmentsystem gradually recovered and a series of new preferential treatment regulationswere born. For example, Our country successively promulgated 《regulationsregarding praise to revolutionary martyrs》,《the military service law of the PRC》and 《regulations regarding preferential treatment and pension to servicemen》 etc.Then the preferential treatment system became more institutionalized and morelegalized than before.After1990s, our country successively promulgated 《revolutionary martyrmemorial building management measures》,《provisional management measures forpensions to wounded or disabled persons》,《regulations regarding preferentialtreatment and pension to servicemen》 and 《regulations regarding praise to martyrs》 etc. Whereby our nation’ preferential treatment system has showed a larger changethan before. In the aspect of preferential treatment system, preferential treatmentLabor Day was substituted by preferential treatment cash in the rural areas. Periodicquota subsidy was finalized in the form of periodic pension. The preferentialtreatment to family members of revolutionary martyrs and revolutionary servicemen,veterans and rankers has risen continuously. In the aspect of pension system, ourcountry has successively raised wound and disability pension standard for thirteentimes, and further improved disablement evaluation conditions. In the aspect of praisesystem, our country improved martyr assessment conditions and expandedparticipation scope in the traditional praise way, which emphasized both materialrewards and spirit awards.As have discussed above, a material preferential treatment system incontemporary China came from revolutionary war and reached a peak in the war toresist U.S. aggression and aid Korea. From a certain point of view, it has become animportant support behind servicemen image improvement. Traditionally "a good mandoes not become a soldier". But under the leadership of the Communist Party ofChina, A serviceman was thought to be "the most lovely person" in the world and anidol in peolple’ hearts. Apparently, it had crucial roles in the Communist Party of Chinawinning the people’s support and the war. In time of peace, it promoted to ensure thenation’ security and social stability. Especially after the reform and opening up, it hasgradually become an significant part of the social security system.