The National Work Of The Communist Party Of China And The Minority Party Identification

The Party identification is a concept that originally put forward to research and observe the psychosocial preferences of voters under the competitive party system. However, from the practical point of view of the world Party politics, there are still a large number of countries that their party system is "non-competitive". And the political parties of these countries also faced with the problem of seeking recognition and support among the people, the difference is that the public support of political parties is not through the ballot in these countries. In fact, the ballot ticket is just a political symbol that the voters express their party identification; it symbolizes the voters’ support for the ruling party’s legitimacy. With regard to ruling legitimacy, no matter what political parties under what party system, there is a need to strive for the recognition of the people. However, the party identification is not inherent, it is the outcome of long-term political construction. In order to win the support of the people, political parties need to influence people’s political awareness, political, emotion and evaluation through political socialization to construct the people’s identification. Only through the "construction", the political parties can win the public recognition.To multi-ethnic country’s political parties, ethnic minorities is a very important political power and political resources, and therefore whether they are able to win widespread recognition of ethnic minorities directly determines the fate of political parties. The Communist Party of China (CPC) was able to seize power successfully28years after its establishment and united various ethnic minorities established the People’s Republic of China, one of the most important reason is that Chinese Communist Party has begun to construct its party identification among ethnic minorities since its inception. Based on this, they carried on revolutionary mobilization, leaded and united all ethnic groups to overthrow Kuomintang. After fulling taking the state power, the Communist Party of China (CPC) integrated various ethnic groups into the country’s political system of the People’s Republic of China converge on the strength of each minorities working on state construction. The key is that Chinese Communist Party has effectively constructed "political party-nation" identification of the ethnic minorities. In short, ethnic minorities’ identification to the Communist Party of China (CPC) has a typical constructivism color.To the Communist Party of China (CPC), deep into the ethnic minorities to dredge the ethnic relations and establish political emotion were the main approaches of party identification’s construction. Ethnic minorites’ party identification to the Communist Party of China (CPC) was constructed through the mechanism of the national work. Through national work, the Communist Party of China (CPC), not only established political image, but also established political trust as well as political authority, to construct party identification. Precisely because the political identity to the Communist Party of China (CPC), the ethnic minorities supported the Communist Party, followed them embarked on the road of revolution and the socialism.Party identification construction work among ethnic minorities of Communist Party of China (CPC) experienced New-Democratic Revolution and socialist revolution and construction two very important period. In both periods, the Chinese Communist Party needed to realize different political goals while facing different political situations to carry out national work and construct party identification.The New-Democratic Revolution period was a critical period of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to contact with ethnic minorities, understand China’s ethnic problems, create and explore ethnic work, and construct identification in ethnic minorities. During this period, the national work and party identification construction of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in ethnic minorities, was to make ethnic minorities identify with new-democratic revolutionary Road under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), approve the Communist Party of China’s ethnic policy, identify with the revolutionary army and revolutionary regime under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Overall, their work was to start the revolutionary mobilization of minorities, win the support of the minority, to lead and unite minorities follow the party’s revolutionary pace thus to overthrow the rule of the Kuomintang, to seize the power, ans establish a new country.Socialist revolution and construction period was an important period of the Chinese Communist Party continued to deepen the understanding of the ethnic problems, further promote the national work, and construct identification in the minorities. During this period, the national work and party identification construction of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in ethnic minorities, was to make the ethnic minorities not only identify with the dominance of the Communist Party of China (CPC), but also identify with the political system of Chinese nation-state in China, as well as identify with politics, legal system, power system that support this political system. In general, was to construct a full range of "political parties-national identity" as to win the support to the party and state from the minorities, and on this basis to expand the integration of mobilization, lead the minorities to take socialist road, to build a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious socialist country. The former lay the foundation and create the conditions to the latter, while the latter was the inevitable trend of the former.At different times, the features of Communist Party of China’s national work and party identification construction were different. In new-democratic revolution, affected by various factors such as the Chinese Communist Party’s political status, activities pattens and political objectives, the Communist Party of China’s national work was carried out in part regions in limited ethnic minorities. The national work was carried out closely around the new-democratic revolution and the Chinese nation-state construction. The implementation of the revolutionary mobilization was the main orientation. Therefore, the party identification construct of this period was a typical mobilization construction. In the socialist revolution and construction period, with the change of the political and legal status of the Communist Party of China, the Communist Party of China’s national work realized the transformation from "the party’s national work" to "the party and the state national work". And the result of this transformation was nationwide national work. The national work on behalf of both of the state and the party (but essentially was the implement of political will in national work). The vast national work in this nationwide, was focusing on the socialist revolution and construction commenced, as well as closely around on the construction of the Chinese nation-state, thus, had a distinctive political integration orientation. So in this period, the party identification construct of the Communist Party of China among ethnic minorities was typical integrated construction, that was to say the party identification among ethnic minorities was ultimate integrated to the ruling party’s identification and the national identity.。The national work as the main mechanism of Communist Party of China’s party identification among ethnic minorities also meaned the effectiveness of the national work. It played a decisive role in party identification among ethnic minorities. In the history of the Chinese Communist Party’s national work, at the most productive period of national work, the ethnic minorities had a strong party identification to the Communist Party of China, the Communist Party of China had a high political authority among ethnic minorities, the political implement among them were much easier. On the contrary, at the period of inappropriate national work that hurt the national feelings, the political identity of the minorities of the Communist Party of China weakened, the authority of Communist Party of China in minority regime was eroded, the integration of ethnic minorities became more and more difficult.The process of party identification in the minorities of the Chinese Communist Party could not be done overnight, let alone once and for all, which was a constantly construct and reconstruct process. In a relative historical period, the minority party identification was relatively stable. But in the long run, the minority party identification was evolving all the time. To be precise, the Chinese Communist Party’s party identity construction in minorities was to consolidate and reconstruct the party identification in the changing political and social order. Communist Party of China on the reconstruction of the minority party identification, fundamentally speaking, was a fundamental need to the party’s additional political legitimacy in order to adapt to China’s political development. For instance, in the decade of Cultural Revolution, the national work suffered a huge impact, many wrong practice under the guidance of the erroneous principle brought irreparable loss to ethnic minorities’"political party-national identity". After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the Chinese Communist Party began a difficult reconstruction. Through the political agenda of "reform and opening","building a moderately prosperous society" and etc., again approved identification reconstruct and legitimacy of the national work.Regardless of any political party, political party identity crisis is an objective existence, it must be highly vigilant. To this extent, the crisis awareness of the ruling party, first of all, should be strong party identification crisis awareness. Communist Party of China’s party identification construct in minorities also faced with the same challenges that required cautious respond. These challenges are:First, ethnic minorities’ national consciousness with rapid growth. If the rapid growth of national consciousness without guidance and effective control, it’s very likely to slide into nationalism and even extreme nationalism. Second, was the loss of legitimacy of the Chinese Communist Party. From the current situation, the corruption of power in China and the the lack of grass-roots credibility of the Government in ethnic minority areas were the primary reasons for the loss of the legitimate resources. Both of them eroded, the legitimacy of the ruling Communist Party of China in varying degrees, it was extremely unfavorable to the party identification construct among ethnic minorities.Overall, constructing the party identification by the means of national work was the primary mechanism that explored and developed in the process of Chinese nation-state building and the construction led by the Communist Party of China; and it’s also a major political advantage and exceptional tradition of the Chinese Communist Party which must be inherit and innovate. In China, a multi-ethnic county with a complexity of ethnic problems, the Chinese Communist Party wants to in power for a long time, and earnestly safeguard the unity of national unity and the unity of a multi-ethnic country, they must carry out and deepen the national work continuously, enhance and consolidate the party identification in ethnic minorities by national work.