| Democracy is not only the cobest’s goal of CPC, but also an important attribute andthe essential requirements of socialism.The consultative democracy is an importantpart of the theory of socialism democracy with Chinese characteristics. It is thesinicization of Marxist democratic theory of the practice and theoretical innovation. In2006, CPC said,"both people exercising voting rights and the people internal variousaspects in making important decisions before full consultation are our countrysocialist democracy two important forms "; in2007, the paper of China’s politicalparty system white paper put forward:" the election democracy and consultativedemocracy, combined with Chinese socialist democracy is an important form withChinese characteristic "; in2012, for the first time in the party’s history, the reportsfor18thnational congress of CPC proposed "the socialist deliberative democracysystem" and said that "improve the socialist deliberative democracy system" would bethe important task to reform Chinese political system.China has embarked on a full ofthe Chinese characteristic socialism democratic politics road. Further development ofdemocratic politics, the theory is the foundation, and system is the guarantee, thepractice is the key. This not only need help from western successful experience fortapping the jade stone, also need reference from Chinese democratic explorationhistory. In recent years, consultative democracy is being a research hot spot, and somebasic results have been made. But from the point of view of history, it is still veryweak. The new regime with democratic consultation to establish, is not only thestarting point of the Chinese communist party in power, also the Chinese deliberativedemocracy to start. Today’s consultative democracy theory, system and practice modeare printed with early founding historical traces. It provides historical experience andhistorical lesson. To study the consultative democracy at the beginning of thefounding, theoretically, it is beneficial to the promotion of China’s democratic theoryand deliberative democracy theory research further; In practice, it is beneficial to dealwith multiple conflicts of interest under the background of democratic aspirations anddemocratic political construction in the challenge, for the development of theconsultative democracy to provide reference for history.Based on historical materialism as a guide to consultative democracy thoughtconstruction, consultative democracy system created and consultative democracypractice as the main line, using literature research, microscopic analysis and macroresearch, the combination of history and logic unified research methods, thecommunist party of China in carding consultative democracy in the process of history,this paper got the conclusions: the consultative democracy theory system, systemconstruction and practical operations at the beginning of the founding, carring on the value judgment, revealing its success or failure gain and loss.CPC founded the people’s democratic theory, the concept of germination ofconsultative democracy through taking independent, for the democracy in thedemocratic revolution course upholding the Marxist democratic theory. In theThree-thirds System the consultative democracy was practiced, and the consultativedemocracy theory was discussed. The first sight of the consultative democracy wasseen."5.1" slogan opened the new starting of consultative democracy in thenationwide. A session of the CPPCC initially established Chinese consultativedemocracy system.After CPC were in power of the whole national, the preliminary formation ofconsultative democracy thought and its practice in the democratic revolution periodget in full swing with the national magnificent and victorious revolution andconstruction practice. The communist party of China began to explore the deliberativedemocracy theory, system construction and political practice. First of all, in theory,the communist party of China around "why consultation","and who consultation,negotiation what" and "how to negotiate", thinking about the status of consultativedemocracy of, the necessity of the consultation, negotiation object, consultationprinciple, consultation form and field for a more detailed discussion and analysis.Theoretical exploration provided the system construction and practice operation. Thecommunist party of China set about in the substantive norms, organization carrier andoperating mechanism,etc. The necessary system construction, from the organizationand system ensured the operation of the consultative democracy. With the theoryguidance and system guarantee, consultative democracy pacticed vividly.Consultation practice covers the political, economic, cultural, social, and other fields.This paper picked up the land reform, the capitalist industry and commercereformation, first constitution making and text reform four cases respectively as fourdifferent areas of typical representative investigation. The land reform and capitalistindustry and commerce reconstruction were the "established policy" of CPC. Withconsultation, the democratic classes, democratic parties changed the original valuepreference in the thought and the achieved agreement; In making the first film in theprocess of the constitution, according to the actual circumstance of hierarchically theChinese communist party took different discuss ways: elite discussion and publicdiscussion, brainstorm, formulated the "comparative completely" the constitution; Inthe reform of text, the Chinese communist party and the democratic parties,intellectuals were in equal full consultation. CPC even changed their phonetic writingvalue preference, took Chinese pinyin scheme. Fresh consultative democracyembodies the practice after the founding of hierarchically, multi-channel,omni-directional stereometric formula consultation mode characteristics. Stereometricformula consultation mode ensured the interests of the represent different thedemocratic class, the democratic parties, to all people’s organizations to comprehensive, real and effective participation in state affairs decision-making andmanagement, so as to reflect the people as masters of the country, the democraticessence.At last, based on the consultative democracy after the founding of the carding andanalysis, from theoretical and practical aspect, this paper reveals the consultativedemocracy success and deficiency. Consultative democracy is the theory of Marxismdemocracy sinicization achievements, to realize the people as masters of the country,the democratic political rights. Consultative democracy in early China contemporaryChinese consultative democracy plays a fundamental role. At the same time there isstill has some shortcomings: at the beginning of the founding, CPC’s consultativedemocracy thought was rich but lack of system, content was overall there were stillholes; System operation also had deviation from the system design; Consultationinstitutions function increasingly was weak; Negotiation was in initiative, and enoughconsultation was unavoidably weak. |
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