Study On Theory And Practice Of Latin American "21st Century Socialism" Under The Background Of Globalization

Globalization is not only the most important characteristics of the times in today’s world, but also the key to understand and analyze Latin American "21st century socialism". Since the mid-1970s, neo-liberal globalization led by Western countries had swept through Latin America and the Caribbean except Cuba, which made them suffer violently shaken in the process of globalization. In late1990s, Latin America started to new social transformation to reply the challenges of globalization. The prominent feature of social transformation was that the left-wing forces in Latin America came into power by means of legal elections. The left-wing forces focused their attention on socialism during the process of exploring new path of development and put forward the slogan of constructing "21st century socialism". The representatives include Venezuelan president Hugo Chavez, Bolivian president Evo Morales and Ecuadorian president Raphael Correa. After taking office, they implemented a series of distinctive "succedaneous" policies on the aspects of political, economic, social, foreign relations, ideology, etc., which greatly enrich the theory and practice of the "21st century socialism", have a wide impact on home and abroad, and become a prominent example in Latin American and even the third world countries to reply globalization by change."21st century socialism" is a new exploration of the Latin American countries about their own development path under the background of globalization. It formed and developed in the contemporary socialist movement in Latin America, which is the new form of contemporary socialism in Latin America. Under the guidance of world outlook and methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism of Marxism, the paper absorbs a series of research findings of Latin America "21st century socialism", closely follows its developing trend on theory and practice, and make comprehensive research on the theory and practice of Latin America "21st century socialism" under the background of globalization. The full text consists of six parts. The main contents are as follows:The introduction mainly illustrates the reason and significance of selecting such a research subject, current situation of the research home and abroad, the theme and Concept Definition of the research, the research methods and research ideas, the main innovation and defects.The first chapter discusses the springing up of globalization and Latin America "21st century socialism". The paper put "21st century socialism" as a new exploration of developing countries about their own development path in era of globalization and the key to understand and analyze Latin American "21st century socialism". Therefore, this part firstly focuses on the interpretation basic theory of "globalization" in today’s world. On that basis, this part analyzes the relevance of globalization and Latin America "21st century socialism" as a whole, which includes the impact of globalization on Latin American countries, the global perspective of Latin America "21st century socialism", the historical role in globalization of Latin America "21st century socialism". Globalization is not only the crucial background of Latin America "21st century socialism", but also an important theoretical issue in the "21st century socialism".The second chapter mainly discusses the generating times background and development process of Latin America "21st Century socialism" under the background of globalization."21st century socialism" is a unique political phenomenon in Latin America in the beginning of this century. Its rise and rapid development is not accidental, and have profound historical and practical reasons. Through investigating the development process in Latin America "21st century socialism", divides it into two stages, including the re-emergence of the Latin American left-wing and rise of "21st century socialism", the expansion and propulsion of "21st century socialism" in Latin America.The third chapter expounds the thought and theory of Latin American "21st century socialism", which comes mainly from of scientific socialism thought and the progress thought of some famous figures and other civilization in Latin American history, with three major theoretical characteristics of diversity and imperfections, local and time, revolution and innovation. Its basic theoretical perspectives include the radical social changes in Soviet and East Europe, the critique of today’s capitalism, basic opinions of socialism.The fourth chapter analyzes the main practical fundamental type of Latin American "21st century socialism" and the evaluation of Latin American "21st century socialism". It mainly focuses on the formation and policies of Chavez’s "21st century socialism","community socialism" of Morales and Correa’s "21st century socialism". This part processes a historical and realistic investigation to the formation and policies advocated etc. of the three kinds of practice types, then compares and analyzes their similarities and differences. The theory and practice of Latin American "21st century socialism" become the concern of the people all over the world, and gain different evaluation.The fifth chapter discusses the revelation under the context of globalization. Through the research on it, this paper summarizes three inspirations as follows. Socialism is irreversible general trend of social historical development in the era of globalization. Socialist model of diversification is important characteristics of the development of socialism in the21st century. Studying seriously the emerging socialist movement is an important method to promote the development of socialist theory.