Research On The Institutional System Of Housing Security For Urban Residents

One of the basic conditions of human’s existence is housing. In the eyes of ordinary people,only having their own houses means a having complete home. It is practically demonstrated that the market mechanism cannot solve the housing difficulties of low-income households completely,so they need to rely on the government’s intervention and support. At the same time, protecting the residents’ rights of survival and residency is also the government’s responsibility. Therefore,as for a country,housing is not only an economic issue,but also a social problem. China is a populous country with serious problems of foods and housing. At the beginning of the reform of economic system, residents’ housing problem became one of the most concerned issue for the central government of China. Our government has already formulated and implemented a series of measures, such as encouraging the housing privatization,implementation of the comfortable housing project and monetization of the housing distribution,etc. However,due to various reasons,the results of those policies are just unsatisfactory. On the road of establishing and improving the housing security system, China still leaves a lot of work uncompleted. Especially under the atmosphere of house price rising,the government of China faces the double pressures—and the enlarging bubbles of the real estate market and the house shortage for medium and low-income households. How to improve the housing security system and efficiently solve housing difficulties of low-income not only is significant for improving social security system,but also affects the overall interests of the reform process.In the above context,this paper choses housing security institution system of China as the research object. According to the logic of proposing questions,analyzing questions and solving questions,on the basis of introducing a few typical foreign countries’(the United States,Great Britain and Singapore) housing security system reform experiences, this paper puts a review on background,historical process and characteristics of the reform of housing security institution system of China,systematically analyzes the three forms of China’s housing security institution system-- rental housing security policy,purchase housing security policy and mixed housing security policy. More importantly,according to the difference of the rental model and the purchase model,this paper builds housing security utility analysis model to make quantitative analysis. This paper points out that in the current framework of housing security system in China, the key to effectively combine rental housing security policy and purchase housing security policy is to reasonably set price. Finally, based on the analysis above, this paper puts forward a series of policy proposal to increase operation efficiency of housing security institution system of China.This paper has three mainly innovations. First,with the combination of parallel and vertical comparative analysis method, this paper analyzes the commonness and the individuality of the housing security systems of three typical countries—the United States, Britain and Singapore,and then puts a theoretically and practically important conclusion, which is that with the developments of economy and the market economic structure,the housing security system gradually changed from a policy-based system to a market-based system. During this process,the paths of the housing security system in different countries are distinctive. The United States puts an emphasis on the market mechanisms’ participation in the whole process of housing security system developing. England is inclined to using privatization of public houses to increase market-oriented features of the housing security system. Singapore’s housing security system is mainly guided by policies and the process of marketization was rather slow. Second,through the summary,this paper points out the policy pattern,evolution path and development trend of China’s urban housing security policy. The evolution path of China’s urban housing security policy is from being based purchase housing security policy(economic and suitable houses), to being based on both purchase housing security policy and rental housing security policy. The current housing security policy framework is clear, the characteristic of which is "security for low- income groups and supporting for middle- income groups ". Under the policy framework,both rental housing security policy and purchase housing security policy are important,and mixed housing security policy is being expanded. In the future,China’s housing security policy will be in a situation of tripartite confrontation,including rental housing security policy,purchase housing security policy and mixed housing security policy. Third,based on rational expectation theory and utility analysis of new classical economics framework,this paper builds housing security utility analysis model. This model subverts traditionally qualitative analysis on housing security system and fills the blank of quantitative analysis on housing security system...